The impact of microfinance banks on the growth of small and meduim scale enterprises in ilorin metrolis

Project Abstract

This research project aims to investigate the impact of microfinance banks on the growth of small and medium-scale enterprises (SMEs) in Ilorin metropolis. The study seeks to provide insights into the role of microfinance banks in supporting the development and expansion of SMEs in the region. The research will employ a mixed-methods approach, combining both quantitative and qualitative data collection methods to gather comprehensive and in-depth information. The quantitative aspect of the research will involve surveying a sample of SME owners in Ilorin metropolis to gather data on their access to microfinance services, the utilization of funds, business growth indicators, and overall satisfaction with the services provided by microfinance banks. This data will be analyzed using statistical tools to identify any patterns or correlations between microfinance support and SME growth. In addition to the quantitative survey, the research will also conduct qualitative interviews with key stakeholders in the microfinance sector, SME owners, and regulatory authorities to gain a deeper understanding of the challenges and opportunities faced by SMEs in accessing and utilizing microfinance services. These interviews will provide valuable insights into the specific ways in which microfinance banks impact SME growth in Ilorin metropolis. The findings of this research are expected to contribute to the existing body of knowledge on microfinance and SME development by shedding light on the specific mechanisms through which microfinance banks can support the growth of small and medium-scale enterprises. The results of the study will be relevant to policymakers, financial institutions, and other stakeholders interested in promoting the growth of SMEs in Ilorin metropolis and beyond. Overall, this research project aims to provide actionable recommendations for enhancing the effectiveness of microfinance interventions in supporting SME growth in Ilorin metropolis. By identifying the key success factors and challenges faced by both microfinance banks and SMEs, the study seeks to inform policies and strategies that can help maximize the impact of microfinance on the development of small and medium-scale enterprises in the region.

Project Overview

<p> </p><p>&nbsp; INTRODUCTION</p><p>1.1 Background to the Study</p><p>The<br>development of the various sectors of any economy is the basis for its<br>survival, different measures have been &nbsp;put in place by the Federal Government of<br>Nigeria in order to achieve this objective, such as, the establishment of the Finance and Research Institution in 2001,<br>provision of direct financial assistance to small business organization, the Small and Medium Industries Equity Investment Scheme (SMIEIS) &nbsp;in 2001, establishment of Small Scale Industrial Credit Scheme,<br>establishment of Government Intervention Strategies in 2002, provision of <br>Credit Scheme, establishment of National Economic Reconstruction<br>Fund (NERFUND) &nbsp;in 1989, establishment of Industrial<br>Development Centres and Industrial Estate <br>Scheme, etc. The initial efforts were government-led through the vehicle<br>of large industries, but lately emphasis have shifted to Small and Medium Scale<br>Enterprises (SMEs) following the success of Small Scale and Medium Enterprises<br>in the economic growth in the Asian countries. (See Ojo, 2003) as cited in<br>Babajide, 2012). However, the growth of Small and Medium Scale Enterprises over<br>the years has been stunted because they have not been able to meet the<br>requirements for obtaining financial services from the conventional commercial<br>banks, thus their opportunity for expansion has been greatly limited. This<br>shortcoming of the formal financial institution is what initiated micro financing.</p><p>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; In 2005, the Federal<br>Government of Nigeria adopted microfinance as the main financing window for<br>SMEs in Nigeria. The Microfinance Policy Regulatory and Supervisory Framework<br>(MPRSF) was launched in 2005 with the core objective of making financial<br>services accessible to a large segment of the potentially productive Nigerian population<br>.It also addressed the problem of lack of access to credit by small business<br>operators who do not have access to regular bank credit. It also created the<br>framework for licensing, regulation and supervision of privately owned<br>microfinance banks, provides for the participation of various institutions such<br>as deposit money banks, non-governmental organizations, microfinance<br>institutions and financial cooperatives in the provision of financial services.<br>This framework was also extended to SMEs that have little or no access to<br>financial services..</p><p>The<br>Microfinance Policy (MPRSF) provides for two categories of Microfinance Bank in<br>Nigeria, namely: Microfinance licensed to operate as a unit bank otherwise<br>known as community bank which can only operate branches or cash centres within<br>a local government with the minimum paid up capital of ₦20 million and the<br>Microfinance Bank licensed to operate in a state or Federal Capital territory<br>with the minimum paid up capital of ₦1 billion.</p><p>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; Small and Medium Scale<br>Enterprises play important roles in the economic growth in both developing and<br>developed nations. Apart from increasing per capital income and output, micro<br>enterprises create &nbsp;employment<br>opportunities, enhance basic standard of living of the populace, enabling<br>entrepreneurs to be self reliant, create wealth, alleviating the adverse<br>effects of growing population and generally promoting effective resources<br>utilization,onsidered critical to engineering economy development and growth.(See<br>Tijani, M.O., 2011). (Ogujiuba, Fadila &amp; Stiegler, 2013; Musa &amp; Aisha,<br>2012) agree that Small and Medium Scale Enterprises account for well over half<br>of the total share of employment sales and value added and they constitute the<br>most viable and veritable vehicle for self sustaining industrial development,<br>as they possess the capability to grow an indigenous enterprises culture more<br>than any other strategy.</p><p>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; However, as cited in Tijani,<br>M.O.(2011), the role played by Small and Medium Scale Enterprises<br>notwithstanding, its development is constrained by inadequate funding and poor<br>management. The unfavourable micro-economic environment has also been<br>identified as one of the major constraints which most times encourage financial<br>institutions to be risk-averse in funding Small and Medium Scale businesses.<br>Also, the reluctance on the part of the financial institutions to fund Small<br>and Medium Scale Enterprises can be explained by the insufficient capital base<br>of banks. As a result, these enterprises rely onpersonal assets for working<br>capital, thua making it difficult to operate at full capacity and increase<br>output and sales which will serve as impetus in increasing Gross Domestic<br>Product (GDP) of a nation like Nigeria. Thus, the concern of this research is<br>to examine the impact of microfinance bank on the growth of Small and Medium<br>Scale Enterprises in Ilorin metropolis</p><p>1.2 Statement of the Problem</p><p>The microfinance banks (MFIs) promoted by the Federal Government<br>of Nigeria was meant to &nbsp;purview credits<br>entrepreneurs who owned Small and Medium Scale Enterprises because of their<br>limited access &nbsp;to sources of finance. Small<br>and Medium Scale Enterprises face a lot of problems in obtaining finance from<br>the conventional finance banks because of the cost of finance, collateral<br>security and the bureaucracy involved in accessing loans; the high interest<br>rate etc. In addition, this entrepreneurs are predominantly made up of<br>illiterates who cannot understand all the paperwork &nbsp; involved in applying &nbsp; for a<br>loan. Also, the banks are not very excited because of the fact that the credit<br>deposited by them is so little compared to what is deposited by customers in<br>other big businesses. These problems and more necessitated the emergence of the<br>MFBs. &nbsp;</p><p>1.3 &nbsp;Statement of the<br>Research Questions</p><p>Thus,<br>the above problems raises the following questions:</p><p>i) &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; <br>What are the nature of SMEs<br>financing before the establishment of &nbsp;<br>MFBs? &nbsp; &nbsp;</p><p>ii) &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; <br>&nbsp;What role does microfinance banks play in the<br>growth of SMEs?</p><p>iii) &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; <br>What are the problems<br>Microfinance banks faces in providing finance to SMEs?</p><p>iv) &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; <br>In what ways can the services<br>rendered by microfinance banks be improved upon to enhance the growth of SMEs?</p><p>1.4 &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; Objectives of the Study</p><p>The<br>broad objective of this study is to examine the impact of microfinance banks on<br>the growth of small and medium scale enterprises in Ilorin metropolis. This<br>specific objective include the following:</p><p>· &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;<br>To examine the nature of SMEs financing before MFBs<br>establishment?</p><p>· &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;<br>To examine the role of microfinance banks’ in the growth of<br>SMEs in Ilorin metropolis.</p><p>· &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;<br>To examine the problems Microfinance banks face in providing<br>finance to SMEs.</p><p>· &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;<br>To examine in what ways the services rendered by the<br>Microfinance banks can be improved upon to enhance the growth of SMEs.</p><p>1.5 &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; Justification<br>for the Study</p><p>A considerable number of literatures have<br>been written on this subject matter both inside and outside the country; (see Babajide,<br>2011; Olowe, 2013; Moradeyo, 2013; Babalola, 2013 and Agboola, 2012).To the<br>government and policy makers, the study on the impact of microfinance banks on<br>the growth of SMEs will enable them come up with policies i.e fiscal and<br>monetary policies to improve the efficiency of the SMEs. The result from this<br>finding would enable the stakeholders to employ ways to improve the<br>contribution of SMEs to the country. This research work will contribute to the<br>literatures on the impact of microfinance on the growth of SMEs for the benefit<br>of researchers.</p><p>1.6 Scope<br>of the Study</p><p>This study covered microfinance<br>banks and Small and Medium Scale Enterprises in Ilorin metropolis &nbsp;because Ilorin metropolis is a fast developing<br>city where many Small and Medium Scale Enterprises are springing up and more<br>microfinance banks are being established and also because of the convinience &nbsp;and low cost of carrying out the research<br>work. &nbsp;This work covered the period of<br>5yrs from year 2009- year 2013.</p><p>&nbsp;Five years is often used as a yardstick for<br>survival by demographers (Alexander, Davern and Stevenson, 2010) to permit<br>greater balancing of statistical power of test (as cited in Babajide, 2011).</p><p>1.7 Hypothesis<br>of the Study</p><p>The hypothesis for this study<br>is stated in null form as follows:</p><p>: There is no significant<br>difference between the roles of microfinance &nbsp;<br>banks and the growth of SMEs in Ilorin metropolis.</p><p>: There is no significant difference<br>between microfinance banks and the problems they face in providing finance to<br>SMEs in Ilorin metropolis.</p><p>: The<br>services rendered by MFBs have no significant difference on the growth of SMEs.</p><p>Definition of Terms:</p><p>Microfinance Banks: These are special banks established by<br>the federal government to promote the growth and development of Small and Medium<br>Scale Enterprises/businesses.</p><p>Microfinance: It is the provision<br>of a broad range of financial services such as deposits, loans, payment<br>services, money transfer and insurance to the poor and low income households<br>and their microenterprises. (Asian Development Bank, 2000).</p><p>SMEs:<br>Nigeria’s<br>national Council on Industry; an SME is defined in terms of employment i.e. as one<br>with between 10 and 300 employees.</p><p>Entrepreneurs: This refers to<br>the proprietor or owner of a privately owned business enterprise. The<br>entrepreneur employs his capital in the business, manages the business &nbsp; resources and takes the risk of business<br>alone. He is self employed i.e he is not<br>employed by anyone but instead he employes <br>others to work for him. &nbsp;</p><p>Regression analysis: This is<br>a statistical approach to forecasting change in a dependent variable on the<br>basis of change on more independent variables.</p><p>Development: An event<br>constituting a new stage in a changing situation.</p><p>GDP (Gross Domestic Product):<br>It is the value of goods domestically produced in a country.</p><p>Growth: An increase in size,<br>number, value or stren ght. &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;<br>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;</p><br> <br><p></p>