Effect of two kinds of solvent on chemical composition of cymbopogon citratus oil

 

Table Of Contents


Chapter ONE

INTRODUCTION

  • 1.1Introduction
  • 1.2Background of Study
  • 1.3Problem Statement
  • 1.4Objective of Study
  • 1.5Limitation of Study
  • 1.6Scope of Study
  • 1.7Significance of Study
  • 1.8Structure of the Research
  • 1.9Definition of Terms

Chapter TWO

LITERATURE REVIEW

  • 2.1Overview of Solvents in Chemistry
  • 2.2Types of Solvents
  • 2.3Properties of Solvents
  • 2.4Effects of Solvents on Chemical Composition
  • 2.5Previous Studies on Solvents and Chemical Reactions
  • 2.6Impact of Solvent Selection on Results
  • 2.7Applications of Different Solvents in Research
  • 2.8Factors Influencing Solvent Selection
  • 2.9Challenges in Solvent Usage
  • 2.10Future Trends in Solvent Research

Chapter THREE

RESEARCH METHODOLOGY

  • 3.1Research Design
  • 3.2Selection of Solvents for the Study
  • 3.3Experimental Setup and Procedure
  • 3.4Data Collection Methods
  • 3.5Data Analysis Techniques
  • 3.6Sampling Techniques
  • 3.7Ethical Considerations
  • 3.8Research Limitations

Chapter FOUR

DATA PRESENTATION AND ANALYSIS

  • 4.1Analysis of Chemical Composition Results
  • 4.2Comparison of Solvent Effects on Chemical Components
  • 4.3Interpretation of Findings
  • 4.4Discussion on the Role of Solvents in Chemical Reactions
  • 4.5Implications of Solvent Selection on Research Outcomes
  • 4.6Recommendations for Solvent Usage
  • 4.7Future Research Directions
  • 4.8Conclusion of Findings

Chapter FIVE

SUMMARY, CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATIONS

  • 5.1Summary of Research Findings
  • 5.2Conclusion and Implications
  • 5.3Contributions to Knowledge
  • 5.4Recommendations for Further Studies
  • 5.5Conclusion Statement

Project Abstract

<p> The experiment was designed to determine the effect of two different<br>solvent (N-hexane and petroleum ether) on chemical composition of lemongrass<br>oil. The oil was extracted from lemongrass using N-hexane and petroleum ether<br>using soxhlet extraction method. The chemical composition of essential oil<br>obtained were analyse using GC-MS machine. The result shows 4.4% of oil were<br>obtained from lemongrass using N-hexane and 4.9% were obtained using petroleum<br>ether. The composition analysed by GC-MS Machine were 16.52% of Trimethyl<br>[4-(2-methyl-4-oxo-2pentyl)] phenoxysilane, 4.15% acetamide, 6.54% hexamethyl,<br>6.58% silane and 2, 4, 6-cycloheptatrien-1-one with peak area of 8.67% in both<br>solvent. But the chemical constituent present in lemongrass is higher using<br>petroleum ether compared to that of N-hexane.This indicated that petroleum<br>ether is much better in oil extraction and analyizing chemical constituents of<br>lemongrass. <br></p>

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