Extraction, characterization and antimicrobial screening of white star apple (crysophyllum albidum) seed oilphytochemical and antimicrobial analysis of mystetoe leaves industrial

 

Table Of Contents


  • <p> </p><div><p>TiTle Page…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..i</p><p>Certification………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………ii</p><p>Dedication…………………………………………………………………………………..……………………………………iii</p><p>Acknowledgement…………………………………………………………………………………………………………..iv-v</p><p>Abstract……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………vi</p><p>Table of content……………………………………………………………………………………………………………vii-x</p><p>

Chapter ONE

INTRODUCTION

  • </p><p>INTRODUCTION</p><p>
  • 1.0&nbsp; Introduction………………………………………………………………………………………………………………1</p><p>
  • 1.1Theoretical Background……………………………………………………………………………………………..2</p><p>
  • 1.2Statement of the problem………………………………………………………….……………………………..3</p><p>
  • 1.3Aim and Objectives of the study…………………………………………………………………………………3</p><p>
  • 1.4Significance of the study………………………………………………………………………………………….…4</p><p>
  • 1.5Scope of the study……………………………………………………………………………………………………….4</p><p>
  • 1.6Organisation of the Research……………………………………………………………………………………….4</p><p>
  • 1.7Definition of Terms………………………………………………………………………………………………………5</p><p>

Chapter TWO

LITERATURE REVIEW

  • </p><p>LITERATURE REVIEW</p><p>
  • 2.0Introduction……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..6</p><p>
  • 2.1Overview Of Educational In Nigeria………………………………………………………………………………6-8</p><p>2.
  • 1.1Primary and Secondary Sechool……………………………………………………………………8-12</p><p>2.
  • 1.2Technical and Vocational Education…………………………………………………………….12-13</p><p>2.
  • 1.3Tertiary Education……………………………………………………………………………………………13</p><p>2.
  • 1.4Admissions……………………………………………………………………………………………………14-15</p><p>
  • 2.3Significance of Information Technology In Education……………………………………………………15-21</p><p>
  • 2.3Course Registration System as a Data Application…………………………………………………………21-23</p><p>
  • 2.4Features of a Data Management System……………………………………………………………………..23-24</p><p>

Chapter THREE

RESEARCH METHODOLOGY

  • </p><p>SYSTEM ANALYSIS AND DESIGN</p><p>
  • 3.0Introduction……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….25</p><p>
  • 3.1Research Methodology…….………………………………………………………………………………………………..25</p><p>
  • 3.2System Analysis………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….26</p><p>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; 3.
  • 2.1Analysis of the Existing System……………………………………………………………………………26</p><p>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; 3.
  • 2.2Problem of the Existing System…………………………………………………………………………26</p><p>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; 3.
  • 2.3Analysis of the proposed System…………………………………………………………………………26</p><p>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; 3.2.
  • 3.1&nbsp; Advantages of the Proposed System…………………………………………………27</p><p>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; 3.2.
  • 3.2Disadvantages of the Proposed System………………………………………………27</p><p>
  • 3.3System Design…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..27</p><p>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; 3.
  • 3.1Input Design………………………………………………………………………………………………………28</p><p>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; 3.
  • 3.2Program Flowchart………………………………………………………………………………………..29-33</p><p>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; 3.
  • 3.3Output Design………………………………………………………………………………………………..…..34</p><p>

Chapter FOUR

DATA PRESENTATION AND ANALYSIS

  • </p><p>SYSTEM IMPLEMENTATION AND DOCUMENTATION</p><p>
  • 4.0Introduction……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….35</p><p>
  • 4.1System Design Diagram………………………………………………………………………………………………………35</p><p>
  • 4.2Choice of Programming Language………………………………………………………………………………………35</p><p>
  • 4.3Analysis of Modules……………………………………………………………………………………………………………36</p><p>
  • 4.4Programming Environment…………………………………………………………………………………………..……36</p><p>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; 4.
  • 4.1Hardware Requirement………………………………………………………………………………………36</p><p>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; 4.
  • 4.2Software Requirement……………………………………………………………………………………….37</p><p>
  • 4.5Implementation………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….37</p><p>

Chapter FIVE

SUMMARY, CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATIONS

  • </p><p>SUMMARY, CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATIONS</p><p>
  • 5.0Introduction……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….38</p><p>
  • 5.1Constraint of the study………………………………………………………………………………………………….…..38</p><p>
  • 5.2Summary…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………38</p><p>
  • 5.3Conclusion……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….39</p><p>
  • 5.4Recommendation…………………………………………………………………………………………………………..…40</p><p><em>References</em>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; – &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;<em>– &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; – &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; – &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; – &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; – &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; – &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; – &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; – &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; – &nbsp; &nbsp; 41</em></p><p><em>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; Appendix (A) &nbsp; &nbsp; – &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; – &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; – &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; – &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; – &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; – &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; – &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; – &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; – &nbsp;42-48</em></p><p><em>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; Appendix (B) &nbsp; &nbsp; – &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; – &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; – &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; – &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; – &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; – &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; – &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; – &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; -49-51</em></p><p></p></div><h3></h3><br> <br><p></p>

Project Abstract

This research project focuses on the extraction, characterization, and antimicrobial screening of white star apple (Chrysophyllum albidum) seed oil, as well as the phytochemical and antimicrobial analysis of mistletoe leaves. The study aimed to explore the potential of white star apple seed oil as an antimicrobial agent and to investigate the phytochemical composition and antimicrobial properties of mistletoe leaves. The extraction of white star apple seed oil was carried out using a cold press method, followed by characterization through physicochemical analysis. Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) was employed to identify the fatty acid composition of the extracted oil. The antimicrobial activity of the white star apple seed oil was evaluated against a panel of pathogenic microorganisms including bacteria and fungi. In parallel, mistletoe leaves were subjected to phytochemical analysis to identify the presence of bioactive compounds such as alkaloids, flavonoids, tannins, and saponins. The antimicrobial potential of mistletoe leaves was assessed through agar well diffusion method against a range of pathogenic microorganisms. The results of the study indicated that the white star apple seed oil exhibited significant antimicrobial activity against both bacterial and fungal strains. The GC-MS analysis revealed the presence of various fatty acids in the seed oil, with linoleic acid being the most abundant. This fatty acid profile could contribute to the observed antimicrobial properties of the oil. Furthermore, the phytochemical screening of mistletoe leaves detected the presence of alkaloids, flavonoids, tannins, and saponins. The antimicrobial assay demonstrated that mistletoe leaves possessed notable antimicrobial activity against the tested microorganisms. The combined results suggest that mistletoe leaves have the potential to serve as a natural antimicrobial agent. In conclusion, this research project highlights the antimicrobial potential of white star apple seed oil and mistletoe leaves. The findings contribute to the growing body of knowledge on natural antimicrobial agents derived from plant sources. Further studies could explore the mechanisms of action of these natural products and their potential applications in the development of novel antimicrobial agents for various industries.

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