Design and fabrication of a palm fruit digester

 

Table Of Contents

  • <p> </p><p><strong>

Chapter ONE

INTRODUCTION

  • </strong></p><p><strong>
  • 1.1&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;Introduction &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; </strong></p><p><strong>
  • 1.2&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;Manual Digester &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; </strong></p><p><strong>
  • 1.3&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;Motorized Digester &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;</strong></p><p><strong>
  • 1.4&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;Types of Motorized Digester &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; </strong></p><p><strong>

Chapter TWO

LITERATURE REVIEW

  • </strong></p><p><strong>
  • 2.1&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;Literature Review &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;</strong></p><p><strong>
  • 2.2&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;Mutter Way Digester &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; </strong></p><p><strong>
  • 2.3&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;Vertical Type &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; </strong></p><p><strong>
  • 2.4&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;Horizontal Type &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; </strong></p><p><strong>2.
  • 5.8&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;Specifications &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; </strong></p><p><strong>2.
  • 6.1&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;Limitation of Space &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; </strong></p><p><strong>2.
  • 6.2&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;Power Suppler &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;</strong></p><p><strong>
  • 2.6&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;Material and Labour &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;</strong></p><p><strong>
  • 2.7&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;Maintenance &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; </strong></p><p><strong>
  • 2.8&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;Design Concepts and Analysis &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;</strong></p><p><strong>

Chapter THREE

RESEARCH METHODOLOGY

  • </strong></p><p><strong>
  • 3.1&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;Material Selections &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; </strong></p><p><strong>
  • 3.2&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;Design of Shaft &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;</strong></p><p><strong>
  • 3.3&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;Location of Bearings &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; </strong></p><p><strong>
  • 3.4&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;Bearing Lubrication &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; </strong></p><p><strong>
  • 3.5&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;Bearing Housing &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;</strong></p><p><strong>
  • 3.6&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;Electric Motor &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;</strong></p><p><strong>
  • 3.7&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;Pulley Material &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; </strong></p><p><strong>

Chapter FOUR

DATA PRESENTATION AND ANALYSIS

  • </strong></p><p><strong>
  • 5.1&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;Design Calculations &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; </strong></p><p><strong>
  • 5.2&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;Description of Component &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;</strong></p><p><strong>
  • 5.3&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;Conclusion &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; </strong></p><p><strong>
  • 5.4&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;Cost Analysis &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; </strong></p><p><strong>Bibliography &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;</strong></p><p><strong>LIST OF ILLUSTRATION</strong></p><p><strong>1 &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;Introduction</strong></p><p><strong>2 &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;Literature Review</strong></p><p><strong>3 &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;Material Selection</strong></p><p><strong>4 &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;Design Calculation</strong></p><p><strong>LIST OF SYMBOLS</strong></p><p><strong><em>SYMBOLS &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; UNITS</em></strong></p><p><strong>N – Factor of safety &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; Kilogram</strong></p><p><strong>M – Mass &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; Kilogram</strong></p><p><strong>Dia – Diameter &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; Kilogram</strong></p><p><strong>M – Bending Moment &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; Meter</strong></p><p><strong>T – Torque &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; Meter</strong></p><p><strong>V – Velocity &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; Newton – seconds</strong></p><p><strong>T – Time &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; Seconds &nbsp;</strong></p><p><strong>I – Moment of Inertial &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; Kilogram (meter)</strong></p><p><strong>G – Acceleration due to gravity &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; Newton (meter) </strong></p><p><strong>P – Pressure &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; Kilogram</strong></p><p><strong>F – Force &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; Newton’s</strong></p><p><strong>H – Height &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; Meter</strong></p><p><strong>Rpm – &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; Revolution per minute</strong></p><p><strong>R – Radius &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; Meter</strong></p><p><strong>V – Volume &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; Meter</strong></p><p><strong>We – Weight &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; Newton’s</strong></p><p><strong>D – Density &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; Kilogram – Meters</strong></p><p><strong>Pc – Critical Road &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; Newton</strong></p><p><strong>L – Length &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; Meter</strong></p><p><strong>W – Width &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; Meter</strong></p><p><strong>S – Bending Stress &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; Newton</strong></p><p><strong>Y – Torsional Stress &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; Newton/Meter</strong></p> <br><p></p>

Project Abstract

Palm oil production is a significant industry in many tropical regions, providing employment and contributing to the economic development of these areas. The conventional method of extracting palm oil involves a labor-intensive process of manual fruit digestion which is inefficient and time-consuming. Thus, the design and fabrication of a palm fruit digester aim to improve the efficiency and productivity of palm oil extraction. The project focuses on developing a mechanical digester that can effectively break down the palm fruit bunches and release the oil-bearing mesocarp for further processing. The design involves a combination of mechanical engineering principles and agricultural knowledge to ensure the optimal performance of the digester. The fabrication process includes selecting suitable materials that can withstand the harsh conditions of palm oil processing while also being cost-effective and easily maintainable. Key features of the palm fruit digester include a rotating drum or screw mechanism that crushes and presses the fruit bunches, separating the oil from the fibrous material. The digester is powered by an electric motor or other suitable power source to provide the necessary force for fruit digestion. Safety measures are also incorporated into the design to protect operators from potential hazards during operation. The efficiency of the palm fruit digester is evaluated based on its oil extraction rate, energy consumption, maintenance requirements, and overall cost-effectiveness compared to traditional manual methods. Field testing is conducted to validate the performance of the digester under real-world conditions and to gather feedback from operators for further improvements. The design and fabrication of a palm fruit digester have the potential to revolutionize the palm oil industry by streamlining the extraction process and increasing productivity. By reducing the manual labor required for fruit digestion, the digester can help palm oil producers save time and resources, leading to higher yields and improved profitability. Additionally, the mechanical digester offers a more hygienic and consistent method of oil extraction compared to traditional methods, ensuring the quality and safety of the final product. Overall, the project aims to contribute to the sustainable development of the palm oil industry by introducing innovative technology that enhances efficiency, reduces environmental impact, and improves the livelihoods of palm oil producers in tropical regions.

Project Overview

<p> </p><p><strong>1.1 &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;INTRODUCTION</strong></p><p><strong>The digester machine is used for the removal of mescals from the palm fruit. The processes used in the digestion vary according to fundamental technological developments, which affect the system of operation.</strong></p><p><strong>The digestion of palm fruit is as old as mankind. The various level of social development change the phase of the digestion action.</strong></p><p><strong>The relative humidity content of the palm fruit and other associated, physical sand chemical composition of the palm fruit affect the choice of processes for the digestion of palm fruit.</strong></p><p><strong>The digester system within the African countries is usually done in pastel and mortar. The palm fruit is fed in a hermitical cross-sectional mortar and pounded with many reciprocatory up and down blows. This action tends to remove the monocarp from the palm fruit in marshy oil dropping from. This mashy – oil – dropping form now give why for pressing operation which will lead to the bringing out the palm oil. The digester system within the African countries can also bed done in a horizontal sump of about 6ft x 3ft with 8 3ft depth where the palm fruit will be poured when that is done a person will stand on the palm fruit right in the hole and be matching on it for a short period after which the monocarp will be removed from the Nut when it is pressed the oil will come out.</strong></p><p><strong>In the fundamental technological development, engineering designs encouraged the construction of different – proto type of digester which aids in the production of more digestible mashy fruit. There are different types of digesters. They are classified into:</strong></p><p><strong>1. &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; Manual digester</strong></p><p><strong>2. &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; Motorized digester.</strong></p><p><strong>1.2 &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;MANUAL DIGESTER</strong></p><p><strong>Manual digesters are built with different shapes and patterns. These is a ways a handle which is used to turn the palm fruit in the barrel the shaft of the digester is designed and welded onto with flanges of barrel depending on the size of the barrel used the operation is efficient but very slow and involve a lot of human effort for high production. This method of operation can not go on for industrial use because of its low production rate. Above all human effort tends to dominate the whole operation manual digesters are mostly common in industrial African villages and communities where there is no rural electrification.</strong></p><p><strong>1.3 &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;MOTORIZED DIGESTER</strong></p><p><strong>Motorized digesters consist of a machine with a power driver pulley from the electric motor. The source of power transmission is belt from the driver (i.e) elector motor pulley to the driven digester pulley. The pulley is keyed to the shaft which is supported on two ball bearings located on each end of the shaft. The type of shaft used is the step shaft with the flanges welded unto the bigger correctional part of the shaft. The shaft assembly and flanges are enclosed in a barrel which is usually cylindrical, and the barrel internal surface is about 2cm – 5cm depending on the verities of palm fruit intended for digestion.</strong></p><p><strong>1.4 &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;TYPES OF MOTORIZED DIGESTER</strong></p><p><strong>Horizontal types of the motorized digester are classified depending on the axis of mounting of the barrel and shaft. The horizontal digester are designed with shaft and barrel parirel to the horizontal axis and will incorporate an electric motor that will generate power to the system that will enable the system to function accordingly the vertical digester are this type which the axis are built at right angle to the horizontal axis, the shaft and barrel are positioned in a vertical direction to work effectively. Most designers prefers this type of vertically mounted system because of it high efficiency and easy construction and even good out put in terms of digestion. </strong></p> <br><p></p>
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