COMPARATIVE STUDY OF THE PHYSICAL FITNESS OF NIGERIAN ARMED FORCES PERSONNEL

Project Abstract

<p><b></b>                  <b>ABSTRACT</b>&nbsp;</p><p>The study was on the physical fitness of Nigerian Armed Forces personnel. The motivation for the research was kindled by the observed variations in the results of physically demanding tasks performed by personnel of the three Armed Services in joint military operations. The study was to assess the physical fitness of Nigerian Armed Forces personnel towards ensuring the proper assignment of physically demanding tasks to the Nigerian Armed Forces personnel during joint military operations in order to enhance operational efficiency.The research methodology applied in the study was basically descriptive. Data were collected using field method and document analysis. In achieving the purpose of the study, 35 male and 20 female Nigerian Army personnel, 30 male and 13 female Nigerian Air Force personnel and 25 male and 10 female Nigerian Navy personnel were randomly selected to serve as participants in this study. The 3.2km run/walk test for cardio-respiratory endurance, sit-up test for muscular endurance, push-up test for muscular strength and BMI computation for body composition were conducted on the participants. The data thus collected were statistically analyzed. The findings of this study revealed that the Nigerian Army personnel had significantly better cardio-respiratory endurance than their counterparts from the Nigerian Air Force and Nigerian Navy. Nigerian Army personnel also had significantly greater muscular strength and muscular endurance. Furthermore, the Nigerian Army personnel had significantly more favourable body composition. The performances of the participants in the tests were measured against the physical fitness standards established for the Nigerian Armed Forces. On the basisof the findings of this study, it was recommended that during joint military operations, the highest volume of physically demanding tasks should be assigned to the Nigerian Army personnel, followed by the Nigerian Navy and then the Nigerian Air Force. In addition, it was recommended that the three Armed Services should strengthen the physical training programmes of their female personnel. Furthermore, it was also recommended that the three Armed Services should embark on weight control programmes for their personnel <br></p>

Project Overview

<p><b>1.0 INTRODUCTION&nbsp;</b></p><p><b>1.1 BACKGROUND TO THE STUDY&nbsp;</b></p><p>The promotion of physical fitness through physical activity among children, adolescents and adults has become a public health objective. In recent years around the world, there has been serious concern over declining physical activity levels among these segments of the population as a result of more time spent on less vigorous recreational activities, such as Video Games and Watching Television (Dinubile, 1993). Research evidence has shown that vast technological progress made in modern times has markedly affected lifestyle of many societies and has crept into developing countries at a fast rate, thus changing the whole pattern of our lifestyle, rendering the whole generation inactive, declining their day to day performance at work and during physical activity (Chado, 1992; Montoye, 1985). Physical fitness is an essential requirement not only for optimal health, but also for better performance and quality of life (Hayward; 1998; Venkateswarlu; 2009, 2010). It is of particular importance to Armed Forces all over the world, not only because of its benefits, but also because it makes the soldiers battle ready. A soldier’s level of physical fitness has direct impact on combat readiness. The many battles in which American troops have fought underscores the important role physical fitness plays on the battle field. The role of regular participation in a sound physical fitness programme and maintenance of healthy weight is to enhance a person’s quality of life, improve productivity and bring about positive physical and mental changes (United States Presidents Council on Physical Fitness and Sport: USPCPFS, 2005).</p><p> Nigerian Armed Forces personnel are required to be physically fit to meet certain military operational requirements. These include ability to perform under a wide range of geographical and environmental conditions as well as coping with the stress of sustained operations. Thus, physical fitness training forms an important part of the Nigerian Armed Forcesphysical education programme.&nbsp;</p><p>  The concept of Joint Military Operations requires the personnel of the three Armed Services (Nigerian Army, Nigerian Navy and Nigerian Air Force) to function as a unit in the theatre of operation. The achievement of results in physically demanding tasks assigned to the personnelhasthus, made it imperative for the Nigerian Armed Forces to have a well-developed physical fitness training programme. This physical fitness programme is developed to cater for cardio-respiratory endurance, muscular strength, muscular endurance and body composition. However, the physical fitness of the personnel from the three Armed Services which is measured against the Nigerian Armed Forces Standard Physical Fitness Chart at Appendix II,has been questioned owing to the observevariations in the resultsof physically demanding tasks they perform. These variations paint an unclear picture of the personnel levelsof physical fitness and thus, have negative effects on the operational efficiency of the Nigerian Armed Forces.</p><p>  The foregoing, calls for the need to compare the physical fitness of Nigerian Armed Forces Personnel. The purpose of this study is to assess the physical fitness of Nigerian Armed Forces personnel towards ensuring the proper assignment of physically demanding tasks to the personnel for the enhancement of the Nigerian Armed Forces’ operational efficiency. This study is therefore motivated by the need to appropriately assign physically demanding tasks to the personnel of the three Armed Services towards enhancing the operational efficiency of the NigerianArmed Forces. &nbsp;</p><p> <b>1.2 STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM&nbsp;</b></p><p>The Nigerian Armed Forces policy on physical training isa course of action crafted to enhance the performance of its personnel for the effective and efficient attainment of operational objectives. Basically, this revolves around enhancing the quality of the personnel and prepares them effectively for combat roles.&nbsp;</p><p>The ability of the Nigerian Armed Forces to tackle security threats thus, requires having personnel that are physically fit. However, the physical fitness of the personnel from the three Armed Serviceswhich is measured against the Nigerian Armed Forces Standard Physical Fitness Chart at Appendix II, has been questioned owing to the observed variations in the results of physically demanding tasks they perform. These variations paint an unclear picture of the personnel levels of physical fitness and thus, have negative effect on the operational efficiency of the Nigerian Armed Forces.&nbsp;</p><p>From the foregoing, if the observed variations are not catered for, it would remain difficult to properly assign physically demanding tasks to the personnel of the three Armed Services towards enhancing the operational efficiency of the Nigerian Armed Forces. &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</p><p> <b>1.3 RESEARCH QUESTIONS&nbsp;</b></p><p>This study was conducted to answer the following specific research questions:&nbsp;</p><p>1. Do the Personnel of the Nigerian Armed Forces differ in their cardiorespiratory fitness?&nbsp;</p><p>2. Do the Personnel of the Nigerian Armed Forces differ in their muscular strength?<br></p><p> 3. Do the Personnel of the Nigerian Armed Forces differ in their muscular endurance?&nbsp;</p><p>4. Do the Personnel of the Nigerian Armed Forces differ in their body composition? <br></p>