ANALYSIS OF LIVELIHOOD DIVERSIFICATION BY FARMING HOUSEHOLDS IN SELECTED LOCAL GOVERNMENT AREAS OF KADUNA STATE, NIGERIA

• <p>Title Page……………………………………………………………………...................................................i&nbsp;</p><p>Declaration………………………………………………………………………….…......................................ii</p><p>Certification……………………………………………………………………….…..........................................iii&nbsp;</p><p>Dedication …………………………………………………………………………..…........................................iv&nbsp;</p><p>Acknowledgements ………………………………………………………………..…..........................................v&nbsp;</p><p>Table of contents…………………………………………..................................................................................vi&nbsp;</p><p>List of Tables…………………………………………………………………………..............................................ix&nbsp;</p><p>List of Figures………………………………………………………………………….............................................ix&nbsp;</p><p>List of Appendix………………………………………………………………………..............................................ix</p><p>&nbsp;Abstract……………………………………………………………………….……….................................................x&nbsp;</p><p>

Chapter ONE

INTRODUCTION

• ……………………………………………………………………...................................................1&nbsp;</p><p>INTRODUCTION………………………….………………………………………......................................................1&nbsp;</p><p>
• 1.1Background of the study ……………………………………………….……….................................................1&nbsp;</p><p>
• 1.2Problem Statement………………………………………………………...........................................................2&nbsp;</p><p>
• 1.3Objectives of the study…………………………………………………….….................................................…4&nbsp;</p><p>
• 1.4Justification of the Study…………………………………………………….….................................................5 <br></p><p>

Chapter TWO

LITERATURE REVIEW

• ……………………………………………………………….……..............................................…6&nbsp;</p><p>LITERATURE REVIEW………………………………………………...…………....................................................6&nbsp;</p><p>
• 2.1Socio-Economic characteristics of farmers………………..………………….................................................6&nbsp;</p><p>
• 2.2Rural household income………..………………………………………….…...................................................8&nbsp;</p><p>
• 2.3Rural livelihoods and their natures ………….……………………………….................................................10 <br></p><p>
• 2.4The concept of livelihood ……………………………………….………….…................................................12&nbsp;</p><p>2.
• 4.1Strategies of livelihood...…………………………………………………....................................................14&nbsp;</p><p>2.
• 4.2Determinants of livelihood …………………………………………………….............................................15&nbsp;</p><p>2.
• 4.3Sustainable livelihood .………………………………………………………................................................15&nbsp;</p><p>
• 2.5Empirical study on livelihood diversification .………………………………..................................................16&nbsp;</p><p>
• 2.6Empirical study on Logit Regression Model……………………………….................................................…19&nbsp;</p><p>

Chapter THREE

RESEARCH METHODOLOGY

• ………………………………………………………………..............................................…..23&nbsp;</p><p>METHODOLOGY...…………………………………………………………….................................................…….23&nbsp;</p><p>
• 3.1Description of the Study Area ………………………………………………...................................................23&nbsp;</p><p>
• 3.2Sampling Procedure and sample size .………………………………………................................................25&nbsp;</p><p>
• 3.3Method of Data Collection ..……………………………………………….................................................….25&nbsp;</p><p>
• 3.4Analytical techniques ………………………………………………………..................................................26&nbsp;</p><p>
• 3.5Measurement of Dependent and independent variables………………………...........................................28&nbsp;</p><p>

Chapter FOUR

DATA PRESENTATION AND ANALYSIS

• ……………………………………………………………….....................................................31&nbsp;</p><p> RESULTS AND DISCUSSION ….………………………………………………..................................................31&nbsp;</p><p>4.
• 1.1Age distribution of the respondents…………………………………………..............................................31&nbsp;</p><p>4.
• 1.2Household size of the respondents….………………………..……………...............................................32&nbsp;</p><p>4.
• 1.3Educational level of the farmers .…….……….……………………………...............................................33&nbsp;</p><p>4.
• 1.4Farming experience of the respondents ……………………………………...............................................33&nbsp;</p><p>4.
• 1.5Distribution of respondents according to farm size .................................................................................34&nbsp;</p><p>4.
• 1.6Credit obtain by the respondent……………………………………….............................................……....35&nbsp;</p><p>4.
• 1.7Distribution of respondent based on membership of cooperative society…...........................................36&nbsp;</p><p>4.
• 1.8Distribution of respondent according to their income……………………............................................…..37&nbsp;</p><p>
• 4.2Livelihood Activities Engage in by Farmers …………………………….................................................……38 <br></p><p>
• 4.3Socioeconomic factors influencing farming household livelihood diversification……………………...........39&nbsp;</p><p>
• 4.4Impact of diversification on household output, income and level of living……………………………….....42&nbsp;</p><p>4.
• 4.1Impact of diversification on household output……………………….…....................................................42&nbsp;</p><p>4.
• 4.2Impact of diversification on household income…………………………................................................…43&nbsp;</p><p>4.
• 4.3Impact of diversification on household level of living…………………................................................….44&nbsp;</p><p>4.4.
• 3.1Hypotheses of the study………………………………………………............................................….….45&nbsp;</p><p>
• 4.5Constraints mitigating the farming household …………………………..................................................…..47&nbsp;</p><p>

Chapter FIVE

SUMMARY, CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATIONS

• ………………………………………………………………..................................................…...50&nbsp;</p><p>SUMMARY, CONCLUSION, &amp; RECOMMENDATIONS ……………………..................................................…50&nbsp;</p><p>
• 5.1Summary ……………………………………………………….………......................................................…...50&nbsp;</p><p>
• 5.2Conclusion ..………………………………………………….…………….......................................................51&nbsp;</p><p>
• 5.3Contribution to knowledge ………………………………………….…….......................................................52&nbsp;</p><p>
• 5.4Recommendations ……………………………………………………...................................................…….52&nbsp;</p><p>REFERENCES …………………………………………………………………................................................….54 <br></p>