A comparative study of expenditure control-methods-in-government-and-privately owned-hospitals
Table Of Contents
- <p> </p><p>Approval page ii<br>Certification page iii<br>Dedication iv<br>Acknowledgement v<br>Abstract vii</p><p>
Chapter ONE
INTRODUCTION
- </p><p>
- 1.0Introduction 1<br>
- 1.1Background Of The Study 1<br>
- 1.2Statement Of the Problem 4<br>
- 1.3Objectives Of The Study 6<br>
- 1.4Research Questions 6<br>
- 1.5Formulation Of Hypotheses 7<br>
- 1.6Significance Of The Study 8<br>
- 1.7Scope Of The Study 9<br>
- 1.8Limitations Of The Study 9<br>
- 1.9Definitions Of Terms 10</p><p>
Chapter TWO
LITERATURE REVIEW
- </p><p>
- 2.0Review Of Related Literature 12<br>
- 2.1Introduction 12<br>
- 2.2Overview Of Expenditure Control 12<br>
- 2.3The Expenditure Control Methods 14<br>
- 2.4Internal Auditing Overview 19<br>
- 2.5Management Audit 25<br>
- 2.6Cost Benefit Analysis 27<br>
- 2.7Quantitative Models For Expenditure Control 28<br>
- 2.8Items Related To the Income Generated In A Hospital 32<br>
- 2.9Items Related To The Expenditure Of A Hospital 36<br>
- 2.10The Expenditure Control Method That Are In Application 37<br>
- 2.11Vote Card Method of Expenditure Control 42</p><p>
Chapter THREE
RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
- </p><p>Research design and Methodology<br>
- 3.0Introduction 45<br>
- 3.1Sources of Data 46<br>
- 3.2Research Instrument 47<br>
- 3.3Reliability and Validity of Research Instrument. 48<br>
- 3.4Population 49<br>
- 3.5Sample Size/Technique 50<br>
- 3.6Administration Of Research Instrument 52<br>
- 3.7Method Of Data Analysis 52<br>
- 3.8Decision Criterion For Validation Of Hypotheses 53</p><p>
Chapter FOUR
DATA PRESENTATION AND ANALYSIS
- </p><p>
- 4.0Data Presentation and Analysis 54<br>
- 4.1Data Analysis/Presentation 54<br>
- 4.2Testing Of Hypotheses 67<br>
- 4.3Discussion of Findings 75</p><p>
Chapter FIVE
SUMMARY, CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATIONS
- </p><p>
- 5.0Summary of findings, Conclusion and Recommendations 78<br>
- 5.1Summary of findings 78<br>
- 5.2Conclusion 79<br>
- 5.3Recommendation s 79<br>Bibliography 82<br>Appendix 1 85</p><p>Appendix 2 86</p> <br><p></p>
Project Abstract
<p> </p><p><strong><em>This research work</em></strong> on <strong><em>A Comparative Study of Expenditure Controls method in Government and private Hospitals is aimed at studying and analysing the different methods of expenditure control that is being adopted by these hospitals,</em></strong> their practical application and their level of effectiveness. It is aimed at carrying out a comparative analysis of two hospitals. To achieve the aim of this research, secondary data through textbooks and journals were used to review some of the related literatures. Equally, questionnaires, interview and observation, which sought to find out facts needed for analysing, were used.</p><p>The questionnaires were analyzed by simple percentages while hypothesis were tested using chi-square statistics. The findings of the analysis indicate among others that the method of expenditure control used by both hospitals are not the same; The daily control method for private hospitals and the vote card method for Government Hospitals. The different methods of expenditure control used by the two hospitals are effective, but with slight loopholes associated with vote card method. I recommend among others that both hospitals should adhere strictly to authorization procedure for drug purchased and materials purchases. Both hospitals should exhibit high degree of cash management and employ competent personnel for proper and efficient expenditure control.</p> <br><p></p>Project Overview
<p> <strong><em>1.0 INTRODUCTION</em></strong><br><em><strong>1.1 BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY</strong></em><br>Expenditure control or cost control is part of management control process, in every organisation.<br>This process is very important to any organisation be it profit making organisation or non-profit making organisation. Thus, lack of this practice in any organisation will cause misapplication of cash in cash disbursement process and this will create a very big problem leading the organisation into deficit and at an extreme case, the organisation might wind up. Many researches have been conducted in the reason for winding up of companies and organisation in which lack of expenditure control process had found responsible. <br></p>Blazingprojects Mobile App
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