A review of motivation as a management tool for increasing the productivity of employees

Project Abstract

<p> This research examines “the review of motivation as a management tool<br>for increasing the productivity of employees, a case study of Emenite<br>Limited, Emene, Enugu State. The researcher adopted descriptive survey<br>design. The population of the study is 224 while the sample size is 144.<br>The researcher used both primary and secondary sources of data. In view<br>of this, four research questions were formulated to generate expected<br>answers. Literal works were reviewed for proper understanding and<br>guidance. Questionnaires, personal interview and observation were used<br>for collection of primary data. Secondary sources of data were collected<br>from textbooks, periodicals, articles and journals. Tables and simple<br>percentage were used for data presentation and analysis. Based on the<br>findings, the researcher found out that salary increase, fringe benefit,<br>regular training, promotion and favourable working conditions are good<br>motivational technique. The management of Emenite Limited adopts various<br>motivational techniques including roofing and ceiling their staff<br>houses at a cheaper rate. Finally the researcher proffered among others<br>prompt payment of salary to their employee that will improve motivation<br>in the company. <br></p>

Project Overview

<p> </p><p>INTRODUCTION</p><p>1.1 BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY.<br>In every organization, large or small, private or public enterprise,<br>human resources (employees) are always the pillar to the success of the<br>organization. These human elements have their individual drives,<br>desires, needs, wishes and similar forces which they intend to satisfy<br>when they are coming into an organization. Satisfaction or<br>non-satisfaction of these needs by the organization has an impact on the<br>behaviour or performance of the employee and eventually on<br>productivity.<br>The usefulness of motivation cannot be over emphasized. Every<br>organization depends on motivation amongst other factors for the<br>attainment of their objectives. Organizational objectives cannot be<br>fully achieved unless the employees are trained and motivated to acquire<br>the necessary skills, knowledge, and ability to perform their jobs<br>effectively and efficiently. With the drive towards technological<br>advancement in Nigeria, motivating and training of employees are<br>inevitable, the monetary incentives like bonuses, wages, salary<br>increment etc. are to motivate the employees thereby making them to put<br>more effort in their work which help to improve the level of<br>productivity in both private and public industries.<br>Motivation is defined differently by different authors. According to<br>Koontz and O’Donnell (1980, p.334), motivation is defined as a means of<br>inducing people to act in a desired manner. Also Pinder (1984:24)<br>defines motivation as the force within a person that affects his or her<br>direction, intensity and persistence of voluntary behaviour.<br>The major problem of motivation is how to induce a group of people, each<br>with a distinctive set of needs and a unique personality to work<br>together towards the achievement of organizational objectives. The<br>ability to understand why people behave the way they do and the ability<br>to motivate them to behave in a specified desired manner are two inter<br>related qualities which are very important for managerial effectiveness.<br>Luthans (1998:8) posits that motivation is the process that arouses,<br>energizes, directs and sustains behaviours and performances. That is, it<br>is the process of stimulating people to action, being committed towards<br>achieving a desired objective, one way of doing this is to employ<br>proper motivational technique which makes workers more satisfied with<br>and committed to their job.<br>The most concern of employer is to make the employees to contribute to<br>the attainment of organizational objectives, but they should know that<br>if the employees are not happy with the management of the organization;<br>there will be a very low rate of production in the organization. That is<br>why Hekina and Jones (1967)<br>visualize that employees should be seen and valued as assets for the<br>allocation of organizational resources. This project will be based on<br>the review of motivation as a management tool for increasing the<br>productivity of employees using Emenite Nigeria Plc., Emene as a case<br>study.<br>1.2 STATEMENT OF THE STUDY<br>Organizations do not lay emphasis on the importance of understanding and<br>applying various proper motivational techniques in designing and<br>creating an environment for performance leading to productivity.<br>This research work problem is to find out how motivation can bring about<br>increase in productivity in an organization on the basis of information<br>which i have found out, I will make recommendations for the problems.<br>Many organizations are apparently unaware of the benefits derived from<br>motivating their employees, this makes their performance to be very poor<br>and the problems here are:<br>1. Organizations see motivating their workforce as something not too<br>important because they do not value the employees in their organization;<br>2. Organizations lack an enabling environment for work performance, poor<br>incentives, tribalism and sentiments, bureaucracy and quota systems<br>helps in contributing to poor performance in an organization.<br>3. Organizations see motivating their employees as a waste of time and<br>money and even if some are trained, some of them are adamant to change.<br>1.3. OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDY.<br>The general objective of this study is to review motivation as a<br>management tool for increasing the productivity of employees in Emenite<br>Limited. Meanwhile, other objectives of this study will include:<br>1. To examine the motivational techniques applied by the management of<br>Emenite Limited to enhance the productivity of its employees.<br>2. To know the impact of motivation on workers’ productivity in Emenite<br>3. To find out how the present situation can be improved.<br>4. To determine the extent of the impact of the motivational strategies used on workers’ productivity in Emenite.<br>5. To suggest ways and make adequate recommendation on increased workers’ productivity in private and public sectors.<br>1.4 RESEARCH QUESTIONS.<br>This part is aimed at helping the researcher to adequately address the<br>research problem and also to investigate beyond what is already known<br>for the purpose of this research, seven research will be maintained as<br>follow;<br>1. To what extent is motivation beneficial to organizational productivities?<br>2. What are the impacts of the motivational techniques on employee’s performance?<br>3. To what extent does effective training and development of employees influence the level of productivity?<br>4. What are the factors affecting productivity in Emenite.<br>1.5 SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY.<br>This study is significantly important to the following sectors:<br>1) Management experts and policy makers: it would enable management<br>experts and policy makers in the formulation and implementation of<br>policies internally; it will benefit the management and staff as well as<br>the shareholders. Through this study, managers will be informed of<br>various motivational factors that are helpful in obtaining improved work<br>performance by the employees:<br>2) Future researchers: it will help the future researchers to know about<br>those motivational strategies in Emenite Nigeria Plc. and changes that<br>could be made for better; and also to enable the researcher have<br>thorough idea of how motivation can improve productivity in Emenite<br>Nigeria Plc. Enugu.<br>3) The staff: the staff stand to benefit by availing them the opportunity for self-motivation and work performance.<br>4) The government: the significance are beneficial to government in its<br>policy formulation and review of existing laws, regulations and bye laws<br>for achieving maximum efficiency and productivity. The organization is<br>interested in improved work performance of her employees as a way of<br>enhancing profitability. Thus it would attain growth through improving<br>the workers motivational factors of efficiency.<br>1.6 SCOPE OF THE STUDY.<br>This research study will cover motivation as a management tool for<br>increasing the productivity of employees in Emenite Limited Located at<br>Emene, Enugu state in the Eastern region of Nigeria within the period of<br>the year 2012.<br>1.7 LIMITATION OF THE STUDY.<br>Some limitation that were identified and encountered in the process of the study includes:<br>1. Financial constraints: in running around to gather materials for this<br>study, considering the economic meltdown, money and other resources<br>were involved which delayed the completion of this work.<br>2. Attitude of Respondents: the researcher found it difficult initially<br>to source required information from the members of staff of Emenite<br>Nigeria plc. This also delayed the completion of this work.<br>3. Time and effort: the researcher was constrained by time and effort in running round for the completion of this project.<br>4. Electricity: the researcher had a hard time in typing, proof reading,<br>editing, and printing of this work due to the incessant seizure and<br>interruption of power supply by power holdings limited<br>1.8 DEFINITION OF TERMS<br>WAEC: West African Examination Council<br>GCE: General Certificate of Education<br>NECO: National Examination Council<br>B.Sc.: Bachelor of Sciences<br>HND: Higher National Diploma<br>MBA: Master of Business Administration<br>MSc: Master of Science<br>PhD: Doctor of Philosophy<br>OND: Ordinary National Diploma<br>NCE: Nigeria Certificate in Education</p><p>REFERENCE</p><p>Koontz, H. &amp; Cyril, O. D. (1980). Management, International student. (Ed.) New York: McGraw hill book Co.<br>Hertzberg, F. (1993). Work and Nature of Man. 1st Edition. London: Staples Press.<br>Luthans, P. (2001). Management, 4th Edition. New York; McGraw book Co.<br>Norbert, M. (1999). Management and Organization Theory and Practice, Enugu: Churchill International Ltd.<br>Okpara, C. (2011). Impact of Motivation on Organisational Performance. Enugu</p> <br><p></p>