The phytochemical constituents of hexanolic extract of ocimum gratissimum (scent leaves)

 

Table Of Contents


  • <p> </p><p>
  • 1.0&nbsp; &nbsp; Introduction</p><p>
  • 1.1&nbsp; &nbsp; Aim of Study</p><p>
  • 1.2&nbsp; &nbsp; Literature Review</p><p>
  • 1.3&nbsp; &nbsp; Phytochemicals</p><p>1.
  • 3.1Alkaloids</p><p>1.
  • 3.2Flavonoids</p><p>1.3.
  • 2.1Antioxidant activities</p><p>1.3.
  • 2.2Antimicrobial activities</p><p>1.3.
  • 2.3Antibacterial activities</p><p>1.3.
  • 2.3Antiatherosclerotic effects</p><p>1.
  • 3.3Saponins</p><p>1.
  • 3.4Tannins</p><p>

Chapter TWO

LITERATURE REVIEW

  • </p><p>
  • 2.0&nbsp; &nbsp; Materials and Methods</p><p>
  • 2.1&nbsp; &nbsp; Materials Used</p><p>
  • 2.2&nbsp; &nbsp; Collection and Identification of samples</p><p>
  • 2.3&nbsp; &nbsp; Sample preparation</p><p>2.
  • 3.1Drying of the leaves</p><p>2.
  • 3.2&nbsp; &nbsp; Pulverisation of the leaves</p><p>2.
  • 3.3&nbsp; &nbsp; Extraction Procedure</p><p>2.
  • 3.4&nbsp; &nbsp; Filtration Process</p><p>2.
  • 3.5&nbsp; &nbsp; Concentration Process</p><p>
  • 2.4&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; Phytochemical Analysis</p><p>2.
  • 4.1&nbsp; Oualitative Analysis</p><p>2.4.
  • 1.1Test for Alkaloids</p><p>2.4.
  • 1.2Test for Phytosterol</p><p>2.4.
  • 1.3Test for Flavonoids</p><p>2.4.
  • 1.4Test for Saponin</p><p>2.4.
  • 1.5Test for Phenol and Tannin</p><p>2.
  • 4.2&nbsp; &nbsp; Ouantitative Analysis</p><p>2.4.
  • 2.1Determination of flavonoid content</p><p>2.4.
  • 2.2Determination of tannins content</p><p>2.4.
  • 2.3Determination of Saponins content</p><p>2.4.
  • 2.4Determination of flavonoid content</p><p>2.4.
  • 2.5Determination of Phenolic content</p><p>2.4.
  • 2.6Determination of Reducing Power</p><p>

Chapter THREE

RESEARCH METHODOLOGY

  • </p><p>
  • 3.0&nbsp; &nbsp; Results</p><p>

Chapter FOUR

DATA PRESENTATION AND ANALYSIS

  • </p><p>
  • 4.0&nbsp; &nbsp; Discussion and Conclusion</p><p>
  • 4.1&nbsp; &nbsp; Discussion</p><p>
  • 4.2&nbsp; &nbsp; Conclusion</p><p>References</p><p>LIST OF TABLES</p><p>Table 1 – Showing the qualitative analysis results of phytochemical constituents of <em>Ocimum grattissimum &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;</em></p><p>Table 2 – Showing the quantitative analysis of phytochemical constituents of <em>Ocimum grattissimum </em></p><p>Table 3 – Showing the flavonoids determination</p><p>Table 4 – Showing the tannin determination</p><p>Table 5 – Showing the total phenol determination</p><p>Table 6 – Showing the ascorbic acid absorbance</p><p>Table 7 – Bioactivity of compounds detected through GC-MS screening of methanolic extract of scent leaves</p><p>LIST OF FIGURES</p><p>Figxure 1 – Graph showing the flavonoids determination</p><p>Figure 2 – Graph showing the tannin determination</p><p>Figure 3 – Graph showing the total Phenol determination</p><p>Figure 4 – Graph showing the reducing standard curve.</p> <br><p></p>

Project Abstract

Ocimum gratissimum, commonly known as scent leaves, is a well-known plant with various traditional medicinal uses. In this study, the phytochemical constituents of the hexanolic extract of Ocimum gratissimum were investigated. The plant material was collected, dried, and extracted using hexane as the solvent. The extract was then subjected to phytochemical screening to determine the presence of various classes of bioactive compounds. The phytochemical analysis revealed the presence of several important compounds in the hexanolic extract of Ocimum gratissimum. Flavonoids, alkaloids, tannins, saponins, and terpenoids were among the major classes of phytochemicals detected in the extract. Flavonoids are well-known for their antioxidant properties and potential health benefits. Alkaloids have been reported to possess various pharmacological activities, including analgesic and anti-inflammatory effects. Tannins are known for their astringent properties and have been used traditionally for their antimicrobial effects. Saponins have been shown to have cholesterol-lowering effects and may also have anticancer properties. Terpenoids are another class of compounds with diverse biological activities, including antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory effects. The presence of these phytochemical constituents in the hexanolic extract of Ocimum gratissimum suggests that the plant may have potential therapeutic benefits. The synergistic effects of these bioactive compounds could contribute to the traditional uses of scent leaves in treating various ailments. Further studies are needed to elucidate the specific mechanisms of action of these phytochemicals and their potential applications in modern medicine. In conclusion, the phytochemical analysis of the hexanolic extract of Ocimum gratissimum revealed the presence of flavonoids, alkaloids, tannins, saponins, and terpenoids. These compounds have been reported to possess various pharmacological activities and may contribute to the therapeutic properties of scent leaves. Future research should focus on isolating and characterizing these bioactive compounds and exploring their potential applications in the development of new pharmaceuticals and nutraceuticals.

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