Cardio protective activities of n-hexane extract of desmodium velutinum stem on albino wister rat

 

Table Of Contents


  • <p> </p><p>TABLE 1——-. 43</p><p>TABLE 2——- 44</p><p>TABLE 3——- 44</p><p>FIGURE 1——– 19</p><p><b>TABLE OF CONTENTS</b></p><p>Title page———i</p><p>Approval page———ii</p><p>Dedication——–iii</p><p>Acknowledgement———.iv</p><p>Abstract———v</p><p>List of tables and figures——-vi</p><p>Table of Content——–ix</p><p><b>

Chapter ONE

INTRODUCTION

  • </b></p><p>
  • 1.0Introduction——–.—1</p><p><b>

Chapter TWO

LITERATURE REVIEW

  • </b></p><p>Literature review———4</p><p>2.
  • 0.The heart———-4</p><p>2.0.
  • 1.Cardiovascular disorder——-.–.6</p><p>2.
  • 0.2Diseases Associated with Cardiovascular—–.–7</p><p>2.
  • 0.3Some of the risk factor for cardiovascular disorder–.—9</p><p>2.
  • 1.Causes of cardiovascular disorder—-.–10</p><p>2.
  • 1.1Symptoms of cardiovascular disorder——-14</p><p>
  • 2.2Pharmacological treatment of cardiovascular disorder—–16</p><p>
  • 2.3Medicinal plant——–.-.17</p><p>
  • 2.4Description of Desmodium Velutinum—–18</p><p>2.
  • 4.1Taxonomy of Desmodium Velutium—–.19</p><p>2.
  • 4.2Uses of Desmodium Velutium———20</p><p>
  • 2.5Lipoprotein Metabolism in the heart——–21</p><p>2.
  • 5.1Classifications of lipoprotein——.22</p><p>2.
  • 5.2Danger of high cholesterol level——.24</p><p>
  • 2.6Phytochemicals analysis——.25</p><p>
  • 2.7Heart Marker———-26</p><p>2.
  • 7.1Types of cardiac Marker—–.–26</p><p><b>

Chapter THREE

RESEARCH METHODOLOGY

  • </b></p><p>
  • 3.0Material and Methods——–31</p><p>
  • 3.1Identification and extraction of plant material—-33</p><p>
  • 3.2Hot continuous percolation method——.34</p><p>
  • 3.3Phytochemical analysis——-34</p><p>
  • 3.4Experimental Animal model—————–.37</p><p>
  • 3.5Collection of blood sample——.-.38</p><p>
  • 3.6Enzyme profile Analysis————39</p><p><b>

Chapter FOUR

DATA PRESENTATION AND ANALYSIS

  • </b></p><p>
  • 4.0Results ———43</p><p>
  • 4.1Quantitative Analysis——–43</p><p>
  • 4.2Qualitative Phytochemical——-44</p><p>
  • 4.3Heart Marker Enzymes of Rats Fed With Various Sample–.44</p><p><b>

Chapter FIVE

SUMMARY, CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATIONS

  • </b></p><p>
  • 5.0Discussion———46</p><p>
  • 5.1Conclusion———49</p><p><b>References–.——50</b></p> <br><p></p>

Project Abstract

<p> This study evaluates the cardio protactive effect of N-hexane extract of<br>Desmodium Velutinum stem on albino wister rat. Rats used in this study<br>were grouped into four and each group was fed differentely. Rats in group<br>one, three, and four wre fed with the aid of a syringe without needle with<br>6ml of the lipoprotein food mixture containing 3.6g of the cowâs brain twice<br>a day for seven days. Rats on group two was fed with only growerâs mash<br>and water for seven days; rats in group three was later administered orally<br>2ml of dissolved vasoprin drug once in a day for 3 days. Rats in group four<br>were also administered orally 0.5ml of the liquid drug extract of Desmodium<br>Velutinum stem once a day for 3 days. During these three (3) days, the rats<br>were given growerâs mash and water. After the feeding period, the rate fed<br>with the cowâs brain showed a significant increases in the activities of<br>marker enzymes such as creatine kinase (CK), creatine kinase MB (CKMB),<br>Aspartatatranseaminase (AST), Alaninetransminase (ALT), and<br>lactatedehydrogenase. This study shows that N-hexane extract of<br>Desmodium Velutinum stem posses cardio protective effect on albino wister<br>rats than the known drug (vasoprin) if only one can increase the dosage of<br>the extract for a period of time. <br></p>

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