Antidiarrhoeal and antibacterial activities of methanolic extracts and fractions of the pulp and seed of ziziphus mauritiana (chinee apple)
Table Of Contents
Chapter ONE
INTRODUCTION
- 1.1Introduction
- 1.2Background of Study
- 1.3Problem Statement
- 1.4Objective of Study
- 1.5Limitation of Study
- 1.6Scope of Study
- 1.7Significance of Study
- 1.8Structure of the Research
- 1.9Definition of Terms
Chapter TWO
LITERATURE REVIEW
- 2.1Overview of Antidiarrhoeal Activities
- 2.2Literature Review on Methanolic Extracts
- 2.3Antibacterial Activities of Ziziphus Mauritiana
- 2.4Pulp Extracts and Fractions Study
- 2.5Seed Extracts and Fractions Study
- 2.6Comparative Analysis of Pulp and Seed Activities
- 2.7Previous Studies on Chinee Apple's Medicinal Properties
- 2.8Efficacy of Methanolic Extracts in Diarrhoea Treatment
- 2.9Mechanisms of Action of Ziziphus Mauritiana Extracts
- 2.10Future Research Directions
Chapter THREE
RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
- 3.1Research Methodology Overview
- 3.2Selection of Ziziphus Mauritiana Samples
- 3.3Extraction Process of Methanolic Extracts
- 3.4Fractionation Techniques Used
- 3.5In vitro Testing of Antidiarrhoeal Activities
- 3.6In vitro Antibacterial Assays
- 3.7Data Collection and Analysis Methods
- 3.8Statistical Tools for Interpretation
Chapter FOUR
DATA PRESENTATION AND ANALYSIS
- 4.1Analysis of Antidiarrhoeal Effects
- 4.2Comparison of Pulp and Seed Extracts
- 4.3Antibacterial Properties of Extracts
- 4.4Fractionation Impact on Activities
- 4.5Interpretation of In vitro Results
- 4.6Discussion on Mechanisms of Action
- 4.7Comparison with Previous Studies
- 4.8Implications for Medical Applications
Chapter FIVE
SUMMARY, CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATIONS
- 5.1Summary of Findings
- 5.2Conclusion on Antidiarrhoeal and Antibacterial Activities
- 5.3Contributions to Scientific Knowledge
- 5.4Research Limitations and Future Directions
- 5.5Recommendations for Further Studies
Project Abstract
<p> </p><div><p>This study evaluated, the antidiarrhoeal and antibacterial activity of the methanolic extracts of seed and pulp of <em>Ziziphus mauritania.</em> The crude extracts were prepared by maceration of seed and pulp powder in methanol. The pulp extract was partitioned into n-hexane, ethylacetate, n-butanol and aqueous fractions. The ethylacetate extract was further fractionated by column chromatography into four fractions A-D. The antibacterial activity of the crude extracts, and fractions were evaluated by Agar well diffusion method .The antidiarrhoeal activity of the crude seed and pulp extracts were evaluated using castor oil-induced diarrheal model, charcoal meal test and anti-fluid accumulation test in rats. The result of phytochemical test indicated that tannins, flavonoids, saponin, cyanogenic glycosides, and terpenoids were present in both seed and pulp extracts. The antibacterial susceptibility test showed that the seed and pulp extracts possess inhibitory activity against <em>Staphyloccus aureus, Eschericial coli and Salmonella</em> spp. The fractions obtained from the pulp extract also showed varied antibacterial activity, the diameter of the zone of inhibition obtained ranged from 29-11 and 27-10 mm for seed and pulp respectively. In the castor oil-induced model, fluid accumulation test, the methanolic extracts of the seed and pulp produced a significant (p<0.05) decline in volume of intestinal contents. Results from the charcoal meal test revealed that all the extract produced a significant (p<0.05) anti-motility effect. Based on the findings of this work, the pulp methanolic extract of this plant possess antibacterial and anti-diarrhoeal properties and validates its use in traditional medicine for the treatment of diarrhoea and a number of ailments caused by microorganisms.</p><p></p></div><h3></h3><br> <br><p></p>Project Overview
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