AN ASSESSMENT OF HIGH SCHOOL BIOLOGY CURRICULUM IMPLEMENTATION

• <p>&nbsp;            <b>TABLE OF CONTENTS&nbsp;</b></p><p>ABSTRACT……………………………………………………………….. iii&nbsp;</p><p>DEDICATION…………………………………………………………... vii&nbsp;</p><p>TABLE OF CONTENTS…………………………………………...……..viii&nbsp;</p><p>LIST OF TABLES…………………………………………………...…...... xi&nbsp;</p><p><b>

Chapter ONE

INTRODUCTION

• . INTRODUCTION…………………………………………………...1&nbsp;</b></p><p>1.
• 1.Biology Curriculum Implementation in Turkey……..….....................……. 12&nbsp;</p><p>1.
• 2.Purpose of the Study……………………………………....................…..... 15&nbsp;</p><p>1.
• 3.Significance of the Study……………………………..…….....................… 15&nbsp;</p><p>1.
• 4.Definition of Terms…………………………………...…….......................… 16&nbsp;</p><p><b>

Chapter TWO

LITERATURE REVIEW

• ................................................................................................17</b><br></p><p>
• 2.0 REVIEW OF LITERATURE……………………………………...................... 17&nbsp;</p><p>2.
• 1.Curriculum Implementation Research in 1970’s………......................…..… 17&nbsp;</p><p>2.
• 2.Determinants of Implementation……….…………………..........................…. 23&nbsp;</p><p>2.
• 3.Curriculum Implementation Research After 1970’s…....…............................. 30&nbsp;</p><p>2.3.
• 1.Teachers and Curriculum Implementation……….….............................…... 30&nbsp;</p><p>2.3.1.
• 1.Change and Teacher Development…………….......................................… 38</p><p>&nbsp;2.3.
• 2.Classroom Environment and Curriculum Implementation………………….. 40&nbsp;</p><p>2.
• 4.Biology Education and Curriculum Implementation in Turkey………………………… 44&nbsp;</p><p>2.
• 5.Conclusion………………………………………………….... 51&nbsp;</p><p><b>

Chapter THREE

RESEARCH METHODOLOGY

• .............................................................................53</b><br></p><p>
• 3.METHOD…………………………………………………………. 53&nbsp;</p><p>3.
• 1.Overall Design of the Study……………………………..…... 53&nbsp;</p><p>3.
• 2.Research Questions……………………………………..……. 54&nbsp;</p><p>3.
• 3.Population and Selection of Sample…………………..……... 55&nbsp;</p><p>3.
• 4.Data Collection Instrument……………………………..……. 58&nbsp;</p><p>3.
• 5.Data Analysis…………………………………………..…….. 59&nbsp;</p><p>3.
• 6.Limitations of the Study………………………………...……. 60&nbsp;</p><p><b>

Chapter FOUR

DATA PRESENTATION AND ANALYSIS

• ......................................................................62</b><br></p><p>
• 4.RESULTS…………………………………………………………. 62&nbsp;</p><p>4.
• 1.Demographic Information about Teachers………….………. 62&nbsp;</p><p>4.
• 2.Physical Structure and Facilities of Schools………….……... 66&nbsp;</p><p>4.
• 3.Perceptions of Biology Curriculum…………………..……… 69&nbsp;</p><p>4.3.
• 1.Goals, Content and Teaching in Biology Education……. 69&nbsp;</p><p>4.3.1.
• 1.Required Knowledge, Skills and Attitudes about Biology……………………………. 69&nbsp;</p><p>4.3.1.
• 2.How Biology Should be Taught?……….…...….................................. 71&nbsp;</p><p>4.3.
• 2.Perceptions of New Curriculum…………………..........................…….... 73&nbsp;</p><p>4.3.2.
• 1.How Do Teachers Use the New Curriculum?……............................... 77&nbsp;</p><p>4.3.2.
• 2.Changes in Teaching with the New Curriculum….................................. 78&nbsp;</p><p>4.3.2.
• 3.Factors Influencing Learning Environment and Curriculum Implementation………….. 80&nbsp;</p><p>4.
• 4.Student Attitudes and Influences on Curriculum Implementation…………………….…….. 83&nbsp;</p><p>4.4.
• 1.Beliefs and Perceptions of Students…………………...............................................… 83&nbsp;</p><p>4.4.
• 2.Why Students Like Biology Classes?………………....................................................….. 84&nbsp;</p><p>4.4.
• 3.Why Students Don’t Like Biology Classes?…………................................................. 85&nbsp;</p><p>4.4.
• 4.How Students’ Level Influence the Process of Curriculum Implementation and Learning Environment?. ...................................................................................................87&nbsp;</p><p>4.
• 5.Instruction………………………………………….………... 89&nbsp;</p><p>4.5.
• 1.Teaching Methods and Techniques Used During Instruction……………………………... 89&nbsp;</p><p>4.5.
• 2.Instructional Materials Used During Instruction……... 112&nbsp;</p><p>4.5.
• 3.Laboratory Studies……………………………………. 126&nbsp;</p><p>4.5.3.
• 1.How Often Laboratory Studies are Carried Out?................................ 126&nbsp;</p><p>4.5.3.
• 2.Strategies Followed During Laboratory Studies…. 128&nbsp;</p><p>4.5.
• 4.Problems Faced During Instruction…………….. 132&nbsp;</p><p>4.
• 6.Summary of the Results……..……………………….……... .136&nbsp;</p><p><b>

Chapter FIVE

SUMMARY, CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATIONS

• ..............................................................................................145</b><br></p><p>
• 5.CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS……………………….. 145&nbsp;</p><p>5.
• 1.Conclusions……………………………………….………... 145</p><p>&nbsp;5.1.
• 1.Implementation of Curriculum Intentions in Biology Classes…………………………... 145&nbsp;</p><p>5.1.
• 2.Local, School and Classroom Level Factors Influencing the Process of Curriculum Implementation……..................................................……. 147&nbsp;</p><p>5.1.2.
• 1.Local Level Factors…………………………….. 148&nbsp;</p><p>5.1.2.
• 2.School Level Factors……………………...……... 148&nbsp;</p><p>5.1.2.
• 3.Classroom Level Factors……………………….. 150</p><p>&nbsp;5.1.2.3.
• 1.Teacher Related Factors………………..…... 151&nbsp;</p><p>5.1.2.3.1.
• 1.Teacher Characteristics…………..…... 151&nbsp;</p><p>5.1.2.3.1.
• 2.Teacher Beliefs and Perceptions…..…. 154&nbsp;</p><p>5.1.2.3.
• 2.Student Related Factors……………..……… 158&nbsp;</p><p>5.1.
• 3.Implications for Practice…………………………….... 159&nbsp;</p><p>5.1.
• 4.Implications for Future Research…………………….. 163 REFERENCES…………………………………………………………... 164&nbsp;</p><p>APPENDIX A. BIOLOGY CURRICULUM and INSTRUCTION EVALUATION QUESTIONNAIRE…………………………... 171&nbsp;</p><p><br></p>