Microbial food spoilage disorders (diseases) and its control

 

Table Of Contents


  • <p> </p><p>Title Page i</p><p>Table of Content ii</p><p>Abstract iii</p><p><strong>

Chapter ONE

INTRODUCTION

  • </strong></p><p>
  • 1.0INTRODUCTION 1</p><p>
  • 1.1Principles Underlying Spoilage of Food 2</p><p>
  • 1.2Factors Affecting the Development of</p><p>Micro-organisms in Foods 6</p><p>1.
  • 2.1Intrinsic Parameters 12</p><p>1.
  • 2.2Extrinsic Parameters</p><p>
  • 1.3Foods and Their Microbial Spoilage 15</p><p>1.
  • 3.1Dairy Products 15</p><p>1.
  • 3.2Vegetables 16</p><p>1.
  • 3.3Raw Meat 16</p><p>1.
  • 3.4Fish 17</p><p>1.
  • 3.5Fruits and Juices 18</p><p><strong>

Chapter TWO

LITERATURE REVIEW

  • </strong></p><p>
  • 2.0DISEASE OF MICROBIAL FOOD SPOILAGE 20</p><p>
  • 2.1Types of Microbial Food Borne Disease 20</p><p>
  • 2.2Description of Selected Diseases 22</p><p>2.
  • 2.1Staphylococcal Food Poisoning 22</p><p>2.
  • 2.2Botulism 23</p><p>2.
  • 2.3Salmonella Gastroenteritis 24</p><p>2.
  • 2.4Shigellosis (Bacillary Dysentery) 26</p><p>2.
  • 2.5Escherichia Coli Enteritis 27</p><p>2.
  • 2.6Bacillus Cereus Gastroenteritis 29</p><p>2.
  • 2.7Yersinia Enterocolitica Gastroenteritis 30</p><p>2.
  • 2.8Listeriosis by Listeria Monocytogenes 31</p><p><strong>

Chapter THREE

RESEARCH METHODOLOGY

  • </strong></p><p>
  • 3.0CONTROL OF MICROBIAL FOOD SPOILAGE 33</p><p>
  • 3.1Applications of Heat 33</p><p>3.
  • 1.1Boiling 34</p><p>3.
  • 1.2Pasteurization 34</p><p>
  • 3.2Low Temperature (Refrigeration and Freezing) 36</p><p>
  • 3.3Drying (Removal of H2O) 36</p><p>
  • 3.4Irradiation (Uv, X-ray, Gamma Radiation) 37</p><p>
  • 3.5Control of Microbial Growth by Chemical Agents 38</p><p>3.
  • 5.1Antiseptics 38</p><p>3.
  • 5.2Disinfectants 39</p><p>3.
  • 5.3Preservatives 39</p><p>
  • 3.6Intermittent Boiling (Tyndalization) 40</p><p>
  • 3.7Sterilization 40</p><p><strong>

Chapter FOUR

DATA PRESENTATION AND ANALYSIS

  • </strong></p><p>
  • 4.0CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION 42</p><p>
  • 4.1Conclusion 42</p><p>
  • 4.2Recommendations 43</p> <br><p></p>

Project Abstract

<p> Foods and microorganisms have long and interesting associations which developed long before the beginning of recorded history. Foods are not only nutritious to consumers, but are also excellent sources of nutrients for microbial growth. Depending on the microorganisms present, foods may spoil or be preserved by fermentation. Foods can act as a reservoir for disease transmission, and thus detection and control of pathogens and spoilage organisms are important areas of food microbiology. During the entire sequence of food handling from the producer to the final consumer, microorganisms can affect food quality and develop potential health effects for humans. Food spoilage is a metabolic process that causes foods to be undesirable or unacceptable for human consumption due to changes in sensory characteristics (tactile, visual, olfactory or flavour). Chemical reactions that cause offensive sensory changes in foods are mediated by a variety of microbes that use food as a carbon and energy source. These organisms include bacteria, fungi, protozoa and viruses. Many physical and chemical methods are employed to control the growth of certain microbes on foods thereby preventing their spoilage. <br></p>

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