Extraction and characterization of white mucana pruriens var. utilis seed oil

 

Table Of Contents


  • <p> </p><p>CONTENT</p><p>TITLE PAGE</p><p>CERTIFICATION</p><p>DEDICATION</p><p>ACKNOWLEDGEMENT</p><p>ABSTRACT</p><p>TABLE OF CONTENTS</p><p>

Chapter ONE

INTRODUCTION

  • </p><p>
  • 1.0PREAMBLE</p><p>
  • 1.1INTRODUCTION</p><p>
  • 1.2OBJECTIVE OF STUDY</p><p>
  • 1.3SCOPE OF WORK</p><p>

Chapter TWO

LITERATURE REVIEW

  • </p><p>
  • 2.0LITERATURE REVIEW</p><p>
  • 2.1FATS AND OILS</p><p>2.
  • 2.0COMPONENTS OF MUCUNA SEEDS</p><p>2.
  • 2.1NUTRITIONAL PROPERTIES</p><p>2.
  • 2.2ANTINUTRITIONAL PROPERTIES</p><p>2.
  • 2.3PHARMACEUTICAL PROPERTIES</p><p>2.
  • 3.0PLANT FATTY ACIDS AND OIL</p><p>2.
  • 4.1RENDERING</p><p>2.
  • 4.2PRESSING OR EXPELLING</p><p>2.
  • 4.3SOLVENT METHOD</p><p>2.
  • 4.4SUPERCRITICAL METHOD</p><p>2.
  • 4.5ENZYME METHOD</p><p>2.
  • 5.0REACTIONS OF FATS AND OILS</p><p>2.
  • 5.1RANCIDIFICATION</p><p>2.
  • 5.2HYDROGENATION</p><p>2.
  • 6.0PROPERTIES OF LIPIDS</p><p>2.
  • 6.1CHEMICAL INDICES</p><p>2.
  • 6.2PHYSICAL INDICES</p><p>2.
  • 7.0USES OF FATS AND OIL</p><p>2.
  • 7.1FOOD INDUSTRY</p><p>2.
  • 7.2FATS IN SOAP AND DETERGENT INDUSTRY</p><p>2.
  • 7.3FATS IN THE COATING INDUSTRY</p><p>2.
  • 7.4FATS IN THE COSMETIC INDUSTRY</p><p>2.
  • 7.5FATS IN PHARMACEUTICAL INDSUTRY</p><p>

Chapter THREE

RESEARCH METHODOLOGY

  • </p><p>
  • 3.0MATERIALS AND METHODS</p><p>
  • 3.1SOURCING OF SAMPLES</p><p>
  • 3.2PREPARATION OF SAMPLES</p><p>
  • 3.3OIL EXTRACTION</p><p>3.
  • 3.1DETERMINATION OF PERCENTAGE OIL YIELD</p><p>
  • 3.4DETERMINATION OF PERCENTAGE MOISTURE</p><p>3.
  • 5.0OIL ANALYSIS</p><p>3.
  • 5.1DETERMINATION OF RELATIVE DENSITY</p><p>3.
  • 5.2DETERMINATION OF MELTING TEMPERATURE</p><p>3.
  • 5.3DETERMINATION OF IODINE VALUE</p><p>3.
  • 5.4DETERMINATION OF PEROXIDE VALUE</p><p>3.
  • 5.5DETERMINATION OF PH OF THE OIL</p><p>3.
  • 5.6DETERMINATION OF ACID VALUE</p><p>3.
  • 5.7DETERMINATION OF SAPONIFICATION VALUE</p><p>3.
  • 5.8FATTY ACID COMPOSITION USING TLC</p><p>3.
  • 5.9FATTY ACID PROFILE OF THE OIL USING GLC</p><p>

Chapter FOUR

DATA PRESENTATION AND ANALYSIS

  • </p><p>
  • 4.0RESULTS AND DISCUSSION</p><p>
  • 4.1RESULTS</p><p>
  • 4.2DISCUSSION</p><p>
  • 4.3CONCLUSION</p><p>REFERENCE</p><p>APPENDIX I</p><p>APPENDIX II</p><p>TABLE OF CONTENT</p><p>CONTENT</p><p>TITLE PAGE</p><p>CERTIFICATION</p><p>DEDICATION</p><p>ACKNOWLEDGEMENT</p><p>ABSTRACT</p><p>TABLE OF CONTENTS</p><p>

Chapter ONE

INTRODUCTION

  • </p><p>
  • 1.0PREAMBLE</p><p>
  • 1.1INTRODUCTION</p><p>
  • 1.2OBJECTIVE OF STUDY</p><p>
  • 1.3SCOPE OF WORK</p><p>

Chapter TWO

LITERATURE REVIEW

  • </p><p>
  • 2.0LITERATURE REVIEW</p><p>
  • 2.1FATS AND OILS</p><p>2.
  • 2.0COMPONENTS OF MUCUNA SEEDS</p><p>2.
  • 2.1NUTRITIONAL PROPERTIES</p><p>2.
  • 2.2ANTINUTRITIONAL PROPERTIES</p><p>2.
  • 2.3PHARMACEUTICAL PROPERTIES</p><p>2.
  • 3.0PLANT FATTY ACIDS AND OIL</p><p>2.
  • 4.1RENDERING</p><p>2.
  • 4.2PRESSING OR EXPELLING</p><p>2.
  • 4.3SOLVENT METHOD</p><p>2.
  • 4.4SUPERCRITICAL METHOD</p><p>2.
  • 4.5ENZYME METHOD</p><p>2.
  • 5.0REACTIONS OF FATS AND OILS</p><p>2.
  • 5.1RANCIDIFICATION</p><p>2.
  • 5.2HYDROGENATION</p><p>2.
  • 6.0PROPERTIES OF LIPIDS</p><p>2.
  • 6.1CHEMICAL INDICES</p><p>2.
  • 6.2PHYSICAL INDICES</p><p>2.
  • 7.0USES OF FATS AND OIL</p><p>2.
  • 7.1FOOD INDUSTRY</p><p>2.
  • 7.2FATS IN SOAP AND DETERGENT INDUSTRY</p><p>2.
  • 7.3FATS IN THE COATING INDUSTRY</p><p>2.
  • 7.4FATS IN THE COSMETIC INDUSTRY</p><p>2.
  • 7.5FATS IN PHARMACEUTICAL INDSUTRY</p><p>

Chapter THREE

RESEARCH METHODOLOGY

  • </p><p>
  • 3.0MATERIALS AND METHODS</p><p>
  • 3.1SOURCING OF SAMPLES</p><p>
  • 3.2PREPARATION OF SAMPLES</p><p>
  • 3.3OIL EXTRACTION</p><p>3.
  • 3.1DETERMINATION OF PERCENTAGE OIL YIELD</p><p>
  • 3.4DETERMINATION OF PERCENTAGE MOISTURE</p><p>3.
  • 5.0OIL ANALYSIS</p><p>3.
  • 5.1DETERMINATION OF RELATIVE DENSITY</p><p>3.
  • 5.2DETERMINATION OF MELTING TEMPERATURE</p><p>3.
  • 5.3DETERMINATION OF IODINE VALUE</p><p>3.
  • 5.4DETERMINATION OF PEROXIDE VALUE</p><p>3.
  • 5.5DETERMINATION OF PH OF THE OIL</p><p>3.
  • 5.6DETERMINATION OF ACID VALUE</p><p>3.
  • 5.7DETERMINATION OF SAPONIFICATION VALUE</p><p>3.
  • 5.8FATTY ACID COMPOSITION USING TLC</p><p>3.
  • 5.9FATTY ACID PROFILE OF THE OIL USING GLC</p><p>

Chapter FOUR

DATA PRESENTATION AND ANALYSIS

  • </p><p>
  • 4.0RESULTS AND DISCUSSION</p><p>
  • 4.1RESULTS</p><p>
  • 4.2DISCUSSION</p><p>
  • 4.3CONCLUSION</p><p>REFERENCE</p><p>APPENDIX I</p><p>APPENDIX II</p> <br><p></p>

Project Abstract

Mucuna pruriens var. utilis, commonly known as velvet bean, is a leguminous plant that has gained attention due to its various health benefits. One important component of this plant is its seed oil, which has shown potential for applications in the food, pharmaceutical, and cosmetic industries. This study focused on the extraction and characterization of white Mucuna pruriens var. utilis seed oil to explore its potential uses. The extraction of seed oil was carried out using a solvent extraction method with hexane as the solvent. The oil yield was found to be X%, indicating a reasonable extraction efficiency. The extracted oil was then subjected to various characterization tests to determine its quality and composition. Physicochemical properties such as moisture content, acid value, peroxide value, iodine value, and saponification value were determined following standard methods. The results of the characterization showed that the white Mucuna pruriens var. utilis seed oil had a moisture content of X%, an acid value of X mg KOH/g, a peroxide value of X meq O2/kg, an iodine value of X g I2/100g, and a saponification value of X mg KOH/g. These values are indicative of the oil's quality and can provide insights into its potential applications in different industries. Furthermore, the fatty acid composition of the seed oil was analyzed using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) to identify the individual fatty acids present. The predominant fatty acids found in the oil were linoleic acid, oleic acid, and palmitic acid, which are known for their health benefits and stability. These fatty acids play important roles in various physiological functions and can contribute to the oil's nutritional value. Overall, the extraction and characterization of white Mucuna pruriens var. utilis seed oil demonstrated its potential as a valuable source of bioactive compounds with diverse applications. The information obtained from this study can be utilized by industries interested in utilizing natural products for the development of functional foods, pharmaceuticals, and cosmetics. Further research can focus on exploring the bioactivity and potential health benefits of this seed oil to fully exploit its commercial potential.

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