Effect of neem plant bark extract (azadirachta indica) on leather tanning

 

Table Of Contents


Chapter ONE

INTRODUCTION

  • 1.1Introduction
  • 1.2Background of Study
  • 1.3Problem Statement
  • 1.4Objective of Study
  • 1.5Limitation of Study
  • 1.6Scope of Study
  • 1.7Significance of Study
  • 1.8Structure of the Research
  • 1.9Definition of Terms

Chapter TWO

LITERATURE REVIEW

  • 2.1Overview of Leather Tanning
  • 2.2History of Neem Plant Bark Extract
  • 2.3Chemical Composition of Neem Bark
  • 2.4Traditional Uses of Neem Bark
  • 2.5Neem Bark Extract in Various Industries
  • 2.6Benefits of Neem Bark Extract
  • 2.7Studies on Neem Bark Extract
  • 2.8Neem Bark Extract in Environmental Conservation
  • 2.9Neem Bark Extract in Leather Industry
  • 2.10Future Prospects of Neem Bark Extract

Chapter THREE

RESEARCH METHODOLOGY

  • 3.1Research Methodology Overview
  • 3.2Research Design
  • 3.3Sampling Techniques
  • 3.4Data Collection Methods
  • 3.5Data Analysis Techniques
  • 3.6Experimental Setup
  • 3.7Variables and Parameters
  • 3.8Ethical Considerations

Chapter FOUR

DATA PRESENTATION AND ANALYSIS

  • 4.1Overview of Research Findings
  • 4.2Effects of Neem Bark Extract on Leather Tanning
  • 4.3Comparison with Traditional Tanning Methods
  • 4.4Impact on Tanning Quality
  • 4.5Environmental Implications
  • 4.6Economic Considerations
  • 4.7Practical Applications
  • 4.8Recommendations for Further Research

Chapter FIVE

SUMMARY, CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATIONS

  • 5.1Conclusion and Summary
  • 5.2Recap of Findings
  • 5.3Implications for Leather Industry
  • 5.4Contribution to Environmental Sustainability
  • 5.5Recommendations for Industry Adoption

Project Abstract

<p> Leather is a durable and flexible material created by the tanning of animal raw hide and skin, primarily cattle hide. It was extensively used from the primitive times and is widely used today (Convington, 2009). In prehistoric times man was concerned mainly with eating or collecting the food, clothing did not exist. The desire for the clothing is dedicated towards hunting. The primitive man realized that animal he hunted was not only for food but can also be used for their clothing purpose. Hence they started using animal skins to satisfy their clothing needs. Animal skin was first worn by the people in the Paleolithic period. Later on man realized that the skins rapidly putrefied and thus became useless. They needed a way to preserve the hides,(Marion and Roy, 2006). People found that the quality of the leather could be improved so they started preserving the hides/skins by rubbing them with fats and animal brains, these primitive people also preserved the skin by the smoke of wood fire but this procedure had a limited preserving and softened action. Later on tannin from the bark of certain trees was used to convent raw skins into soft material, today which is known as β€œvegetable tanning (Convington, 2009). <br></p>

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