Antidiarrhoeal and antibacterial activities of methanolic extracts and fractions of the pulp and seed of ziziphus mauritiana (chinee apple)

 

Table Of Contents


Chapter ONE

INTRODUCTION

  • 1.1Introduction
  • 1.2Background of Study
  • 1.3Problem Statement
  • 1.4Objective of Study
  • 1.5Limitation of Study
  • 1.6Scope of Study
  • 1.7Significance of Study
  • 1.8Structure of the Research
  • 1.9Definition of Terms

Chapter TWO

LITERATURE REVIEW

  • 2.1Overview of Antidiarrhoeal Activities
  • 2.2Literature Review on Antibacterial Properties
  • 2.3Methanolic Extracts and Fractions in Research
  • 2.4Previous Studies on Ziziphus Mauritiana
  • 2.5Phytochemical Analysis of Chinee Apple
  • 2.6Mechanisms of Action in Antidiarrhoeal Activity
  • 2.7Bioactivity of Pulp Extracts
  • 2.8Bioactivity of Seed Extracts
  • 2.9Comparative Studies on Antidiarrhoeal and Antibacterial Effects
  • 2.10Summary of Literature Review

Chapter THREE

RESEARCH METHODOLOGY

  • 3.1Research Methodology Overview
  • 3.2Selection of Research Sample
  • 3.3Extraction Process of Methanolic Extracts
  • 3.4Fractionation Techniques Used
  • 3.5Experimental Design for Antidiarrhoeal Testing
  • 3.6Experimental Design for Antibacterial Testing
  • 3.7Data Collection and Analysis Methods
  • 3.8Ethical Considerations in the Research Process

Chapter FOUR

DATA PRESENTATION AND ANALYSIS

  • 4.1Analysis of Antidiarrhoeal Results
  • 4.2Interpretation of Antibacterial Findings
  • 4.3Comparison of Pulp and Seed Extracts
  • 4.4Discussion on Phytochemical Composition
  • 4.5Implications of Findings in Pharmacology
  • 4.6Limitations of the Research
  • 4.7Recommendations for Future Studies
  • 4.8Conclusion on Research Findings

Chapter FIVE

SUMMARY, CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATIONS

  • 5.1Summary of Research Project
  • 5.2Conclusions Drawn from the Study
  • 5.3Contributions to Scientific Knowledge
  • 5.4Practical Applications of the Research
  • 5.5Recommendations for Further Research
  • 5.6Final Thoughts and Closing Remarks

Project Abstract

<p> This study evaluated, the antidiarrhoeal and antibacterial activity of the methanolic extracts of seed and pulp of <em>Ziziphus mauritania.</em>&nbsp;The crude extracts were prepared by maceration of seed and pulp powder in methanol. The pulp extract was partitioned into n-hexane, ethylacetate, n-butanol and aqueous fractions. The ethylacetate extract was further fractionated by column chromatography into four fractions A-D. The antibacterial activity of the crude extracts, and fractions were evaluated by Agar well diffusion method .The antidiarrhoeal activity of the crude seed and pulp extracts were evaluated using castor oil-induced diarrheal model, charcoal meal test and anti-fluid accumulation test in rats. The result of phytochemical test indicated that tannins, flavonoids, saponin, cyanogenic glycosides, and terpenoids were present in both seed and pulp extracts. The antibacterial susceptibility test showed that the seed and pulp extracts possess inhibitory activity against <em>Staphyloccus aureus, Eschericial coli and Salmonella</em>&nbsp;spp. The fractions obtained from the pulp extract also showed varied antibacterial activity, the diameter of the zone of inhibition obtained ranged from 29-11 and 27-10 mm for seed and pulp respectively. In the castor oil-induced model, fluid accumulation test, the methanolic extracts of the seed and pulp produced a significant (p&lt;0.05) decline in volume of intestinal contents. Results from the charcoal meal test revealed that all the extract produced a significant (p&lt;0.05) anti-motility effect. Based on the findings of this work, the pulp methanolic extract of this plant possess antibacterial and anti-diarrhoeal properties and validates its use in traditional medicine for the treatment of diarrhoea and a number of ailments caused by microorganisms. <br></p>

Project Overview

Blazingprojects Mobile App

📚 Over 50,000 Project Materials
📱 100% Offline: No internet needed
📝 Over 98 Departments
🔍 Software coding and Machine construction
🎓 Postgraduate/Undergraduate Research works
📥 Instant Whatsapp/Email Delivery

Blazingprojects App

Related Research

Biochemistry. 3 min read

Design and evaluation of novel enzyme inhibitors for targeted cancer therapy...

What This Project Is About This project focuses on creating and testing new molecules called enzyme inhibitors that can specifically target cancer cells. Enzyme...

BP
Blazingprojects
Read more →
Biochemistry. 3 min read

Development of Enzymatic Biosensors for Rapid Detection of Environmental Pollutants...

What This Project Is About This project focuses on creating tiny devices called biosensors that can quickly detect harmful pollutants in the environment, such a...

BP
Blazingprojects
Read more →
Biochemistry. 3 min read

Optimization of Enzymatic Synthesis Pathways for Sustainable Biopolymer Production...

What This Project Is About This project explores ways to make the process of creating biopolymers more efficient and eco-friendly. Biopolymers are natural plast...

BP
Blazingprojects
Read more →
Biochemistry. 3 min read

Design and Characterization of Enzyme-Activated Nanocarriers for Targeted Cancer The...

What This Project Is About This project focuses on creating tiny particles called nanocarriers that can deliver medicine directly to cancer cells. These nanocar...

BP
Blazingprojects
Read more →
Biochemistry. 4 min read

Development of Novel Enzymatic Biosensors for Rapid Detection of Plant Pathogens...

This project is about developing a new type of tool called an enzymatic biosensor, which can quickly detect harmful bacteria or viruses that cause plant disease...

BP
Blazingprojects
Read more →
Biochemistry. 2 min read

Design and optimization of enzyme nanocarriers for targeted drug delivery in cancer ...

This project is about creating tiny carriers, called nanocarriers, that can deliver medicines directly to cancer cells. Scientists are interested in using enzym...

BP
Blazingprojects
Read more →
Biochemistry. 2 min read

Exploring the Role of Epigenetic Modifications in Cancer Development and Progression...

The project titled &quot;Exploring the Role of Epigenetic Modifications in Cancer Development and Progression&quot; aims to investigate the intricate relationsh...

BP
Blazingprojects
Read more →
Biochemistry. 2 min read

Exploring the Role of MicroRNAs in Cancer Progression and Therapeutic Resistance...

The project titled &quot;Exploring the Role of MicroRNAs in Cancer Progression and Therapeutic Resistance&quot; aims to investigate the intricate involvement of...

BP
Blazingprojects
Read more →
Biochemistry. 3 min read

Exploring the Role of MicroRNAs in Cancer Development and Progression...

The project topic, &quot;Exploring the Role of MicroRNAs in Cancer Development and Progression,&quot; focuses on investigating the intricate involvement of micr...

BP
Blazingprojects
Read more →
WhatsApp Click here to chat with us