MANAGEMENT OF RABBIT PRODUCTION BY PEASANT FARMER IN TAKUM LOCAL GOVERNMENT AREA

Project Abstract

Rabbit production is a promising venture for peasant farmers in Takum Local Government Area. This study aimed to assess the management practices adopted by peasant farmers in rabbit production in the area. A mixed-methods approach was utilized, involving structured questionnaires and focus group discussions with 100 peasant farmers actively engaged in rabbit production. The data collected were analyzed using descriptive statistics and thematic analysis. Results revealed that peasant farmers in Takum LGAs are actively involved in rabbit production, with a majority (78%) keeping rabbits for both meat and income generation. The management practices observed included feeding, housing, breeding, healthcare, and marketing. Farmers predominantly fed their rabbits with kitchen leftovers, grasses, and commercial rabbit pellets. However, there was a knowledge gap in providing balanced nutrition to the rabbits, as most farmers were unaware of the specific nutritional requirements for optimal growth and reproduction. Housing structures varied among the farmers, with the majority using locally available materials to construct cages or hutches for their rabbits. Ventilation and sanitation in the rabbit housing units were inadequate in some cases, leading to health challenges among the rabbits. Breeding practices were largely uncontrolled, with farmers allowing rabbits to mate freely, resulting in indiscriminate breeding and poor genetic selection. Healthcare practices were limited, with only a few farmers vaccinating their rabbits against common diseases. Most farmers relied on traditional remedies or self-medication for treating sick rabbits, often leading to poor treatment outcomes. Marketing of rabbits was primarily through direct sales to local consumers, with limited access to formal markets or value chain networks. In conclusion, the study identified several gaps in the management practices of rabbit production among peasant farmers in Takum LGA. There is a need for capacity building and extension services to improve farmers' knowledge and skills in rabbit management, particularly in nutrition, housing, breeding, healthcare, and marketing. Sustainable rabbit production can contribute significantly to food security and income generation for peasant farmers in the area if appropriate management practices are implemented.

Project Overview

<p> </p><p><b>.0 INTRODUCTION</b></p><p><b></b></p><b></b><p><b>1.1 BACKGROUND OF STUDY</b></p><p><b></b></p><b></b><p>The human population growth in developed countries is stabilizing while that of developing countries including Nigeria is still increasing rapidly. Thus, the search for alternative sources of protein to meet up the population challenge is imperative. Economic indices indicate that as this population trend continues, more people are to be fed. Agricultural outputs needs to be increased rather than through food importation into such countries (Allen, 1993). In order to maximize food production and meet protein requirements in Nigeria, viable options need to be explored and evaluated (Owen et al., 2008). Among such alternatives is the use of livestock species that are yet to play a major role in animal production within these countries.</p><p>Fast-growing livestock such as rabbits possess a number of features that might be of advantage in the small holder subsistence – type integrated farming in developing countries. Rabbit farming in Nigeria is faced with myriad of problems, which have resulted to a gross shortage of meat to meet up the population challenge in our country (Nworgu, 2007). The growth rate of the Nigerian agricultural sector is below the potentials of natural and human resources due to high cost ofagricultural inputs, poor funding of agriculture, inadequate functional infrastructural facilities, inconsistencies of government agricultural policies, inadequate private sector participation, poor mechanized farming and little or no adoption of some simple agricultural technologies developed by scientists (Nworgu, 2007). In Nigeria, consumption of animal protein remains low at about 6.0-8.4 g/head/day which are far below the 13.5g per day prescribed by the WHO (Egbunike, 1997).</p><p>Rabbit production is a veritable way of alleviating animal protein deficiency in Nigeria (Ajala and Balogun, 2004). The rabbit has immense potentials and good attributes which include high growth rate, high efficiency in converting forage to meat, short gestation period, and high prolificacy, relatively low cost of production, high nutritional quality of rabbit meat which includes low fat, sodium, and cholesterol levels. It also has a high protein level of about 20.8% and its consumption is bereft of cultural and religious biases (Biobaku and Oguntona, 1997). The presence of caecal microbes enables the rabbit to digest large amounts of fibrous feed as most non ruminant species cannot (Taiwo et al., 1999).<b></b></p><p><b></b></p><b></b><p><b>1.2 STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM</b></p><p><b></b></p><b></b><p>Rabbit production in Nigeria plays a significant role in the development and provision of food and materials for marketing purposes; however there are some problems which may be affecting the production of rabbit in Nigeria; these problems could be poor management procedure, poor funding and lack of treatment measure for health promotion in rabbit production area of agriculture. Secondly there have been series of studies on rabbit production but not even a single study has been carried out on the management of rabbit production by peasant farmer in Takum local government area</p><p><b>1.3 AIM AND OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDY</b></p><p><b></b></p><b></b><p>The main aim of the research work is examine the management of rabbit production by peasant farmer in Takum local government area. Other specific objectives of the study are:</p><p>1. to determine the management procedure adopted by peasant farmers in Takum L.GA in rabbit production</p><p>2. to examine whether rabbit production influence socio economic development in Takum local government area, Taraba State</p><p>3. to investigate on the factors affecting rabbit production in Takum L.G.A, Taraba State</p><p>4. to determine if the management of rabbit production in Takum L.G.A, Taraba State is effective</p><p>5. to examines the potentials and problems that may be envisaged in rabbit production in Nigeria</p><p><b>1.4 RESEARCH QUESTIONS</b></p><p><b></b></p><b></b><p>The study came up with research questions so as to ascertain the above objectives of the study. The research questions for the study are:</p><p>1. What are the management procedures adopted by peasant farmers in Takum L.GA in rabbit production?</p><p>2. Does rabbit production influence socio economic development in Takum local government area, Taraba State?</p><p>3. What are the factors affecting rabbit production in Takum L.G.A, Taraba State?</p><p>4. Is the management of rabbit production in Takum L.G.A, Taraba State effective?</p><p>5. What are potentials and problems that may be envisaged in rabbit production in Nigeria?</p><p><b>1.5 STATEMENT OF RESEARCH HYPOTHESIS</b></p><p><b></b></p><b></b><p>H0: the management of rabbit production in Takum L.G.A, Taraba State is not effective</p><p>H1: the management of rabbit production in Takum L.G.A, Taraba State is effective</p><p><b>1.6 SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY</b></p><p><b></b></p><b></b><p>The study on the management of rabbit production will be of immense benefit to the peasant farmers in Takum local government area of Taraba State in the sense that the study will try to establish a relationship between the management procedure in rabbit production and socio economic development in Takum local government area of Taraba State. The study will also serve as a repository of information to other researchers that desire to carry out similar research on the above topic. Finally the study will contribute to the body of the existing literature on rabbit production in Nigeria.</p><p><b>1.7 SCOPE OF STUDY</b></p><p><b></b></p><b></b><p>The study on the management of rabbit production will focus on peasant farmers in Takum local government area of Taraba State. The study will cover on the relationship between the management procedure in rabbit production and socio economic development in Takum local government area of Taraba State</p><p><b>1.8 LIMITATION OF STUDY</b></p><p><b></b></p><b></b><p><b>Financial constraint</b>- Insufficient fund tends to impede the efficiency of the researcher in sourcing for the relevant materials, literature or information and in the process of data collection (internet, questionnaire and interview).<b></b></p><p><b></b></p><b></b><p><b>Time constraint</b>- The researcher will simultaneously engage in this study with other academic work. This consequently will cut down on the time devoted for the research work</p><p><b>1.9 DEFINITION OF TERMS</b></p><p><b></b></p><b></b><p><b>Rabbit</b>: Rabbits are small mammals in the family Leporidae of the order Lagomorpha</p><p><b>Peasant</b>: a poor smallholder or agricultural labourer of low social status (chiefly in historical use or with reference to subsistence farming in poorer countries).</p> <br><p></p>