What chapters are covered in this Accounting project?

Approval Page ii Dedication iii Acknowledgement iv Abstract v CHAPTER ONE: INTRODUCTION 1.1 Background of the Study 1 1.2 Statement of the Problem 3 1.3 Objective of the Study 4 1.4 Research Question 4 1.5 Hypotheses of the Study 5 1.6 Significance of the Study 6 1.7 Scope of the Study 7 1.8 Limitation of the Study

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Budgeting as an instrument of internal control in a manufacturing organization

Budgeting as an instrument of internal control in a manufacturing organization

Approval Page iiDedication iiiAcknowledgement ivAbstract v

Chapter ONE

INTRODUCTION

1.1Background of the Study 1
1.2Statement of the Problem 3
1.3Objective of the Study 4
1.4Research Question 4
1.5Hypotheses of the Study 5
1.6Significance of the Study 6
1.7Scope of the Study 7
1.8Limitation of the Study 7
1.9Definition of Terms 8References 9

Chapter TWO

LITERATURE REVIEW

2.1Definition of Budget Manual 10
2.2Reasons for Budgeting 11
2.3Budget and Budget Planning 12
2.4Fixed and Flexible Budget 13
2.5Master Budget 14
2.6Cash Budget 17
2.7How to Prepare A Budget 20
2.8Problems of Budgeting 25
2.9Effective Internal Control System 26
2.10Tools of Internal Control System 37References 39

Chapter THREE

RESEARCH METHODOLOGY

RESEARCH METHOLOGY
3.1Research Design 40
3.2Sources of Data 40
3.3Research Instrument 41
3.4Reliability/Validity of Research Instrument 42
3.5Population 42
3.6Sampling Size/Technique 43
3.7Administration of Research Instrument 47
3.8Method of Data Analysis 48
3.9Decision Criterion for Validation of Hypothesis 49

Chapter FOUR

DATA PRESENTATION AND ANALYSIS

AND ANALYSIS
4.1Data Presentation 50
4.2Analysis of Questions 51
4.3Test of Hypotheses 72

Chapter FIVE

SUMMARY, CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATIONS

OF FINDINGS, CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATIONS
5.1Summary of Findings 83
5.3Conclusion 84
5.4Recommendations 86Bibliography 88Appendix 1 91Appendix 2 92

Project Abstract

An efficient budgeting control system is one that produces the desired result. A balanced budget is the one that produces no variances but to achieve this, we are left to contemplation rather than a reality. This has become the problem of most of our manufacturing concerns in Nigeria. This study investigated the budget control and execution in manufacturing concerns in Nigeria with a view of appraising their efficiency. Out of a population of one hundred and fifty six drawn from the manufacturing concern, seventy eight were selected as the sample size using statistical sample tools (Taro Yamani). A questionnaire was designed and distributed to elicit information from the sample population; also data was sourced through primary and secondary sources. These data collected were presented and analyzed by means of tables and percentages. The hypotheses adduced were tested using such tools as chi-square. It was observed that manufacturing concerns do plan their profit so as to minimize losses though the procedure is not religiously carried out. However, it was discovered that the procedure is inadequate and inefficient. An inadequate budget procedure and execution causes a high accumulation of inventory thereby tying down the capital which could have yielded greater profit to the organization. Therefore there is need for the proper control of budgets in manufacturing concerns as to minimize losses and maximize profits.

Project Overview

INTRODUCTION1.1 BACKGROUND OF THE STUDYAccording to Enudu (1999), the business environment is characterized by a lot of uncertainties ranging from such factors as: Economic environment, political and legal factors, social environment, supply and demand forces, competition, consumers’ attitude and technological changes.A critical look at the performances of some of these manufacturing business organizations will reveal a lot of business failures as a result of lack of proper planning against these uncertainties.According to Drury (2000), proper planning of business helps in reducing uncertainties thereby providing the management of these enterprises with a clear direction by determining their courses of actions.

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