Home / Biochemistry / The effect of inhaled cannabis sativa and ascorbic acid (vitamin c) on the body weight, organ weight and sex hormone in male wistar rats

The effect of inhaled cannabis sativa and ascorbic acid (vitamin c) on the body weight, organ weight and sex hormone in male wistar rats

 

Table Of Contents

<p> </p><p>Title<br>Page &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; – &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; – &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; – &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; – &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; – &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; – &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; – &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; – &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; – &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; – &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; i</p><p>Declaration &nbsp; &nbsp; – &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; – &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; – &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; – &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; – &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; – &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; – &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; – &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; – &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; – &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; ii</p><p>Certification &nbsp; – &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; – &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; – &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; – &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; – &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; – &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; – &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; – &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; – &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; – &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; iii</p><p>Dedication &nbsp; &nbsp; – &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; – &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; – &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; – &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; – &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; – &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; – &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; – &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; – &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; – &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; iv</p><p>Acknowledgements &nbsp; – &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; – &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; – &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; – &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; – &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; – &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; – &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; – &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; – &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; v</p><p>Table<br>of contents &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; – &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; – &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; – &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; – &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; – &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; – &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; – &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; – &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; – &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; vi</p><p>Abstract &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; – &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; – &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; – &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; – &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; – &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; – &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; – &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; – &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; – &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; – &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; xi</p><p><b>

Chapter ONE

: INTRODUCTION</b></p><p>1.1 &nbsp;<br>Background of Study &nbsp; &nbsp; – &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; – &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; – &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; – &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; – &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; – &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; – &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; 1</p><p>1.2 &nbsp;<br>Objective of Study- &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; – &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; – &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; – &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; – &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; – &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; – &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; – &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; – &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; 4</p><p>1.3 &nbsp;<br>Justification/Rationale for the Study- – &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; – &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; – &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; – &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; – &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; 4</p><p>1.5 &nbsp; &nbsp; Significance<br>of the Study- &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; – &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; – &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; – &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; – &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; – &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; – &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; 6</p><p><b>

Chapter TWO

: LITERATURE<br>REVIEW</b></p><p>2.1 &nbsp;<br>Cannabis Sativa Plant Description- &nbsp; – &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; – &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; – &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; – &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; – &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; 6</p><p>2.1.1 &nbsp;<br>Seedling:- – &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; – &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; – &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; – &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; – &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; – &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; – &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; – &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; – &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; 7</p><p>2.1.2 &nbsp;<br>Stem: – &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; – &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; – &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; – &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; – &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; – &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; – &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; – &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; – &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; – &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; 7</p><p>2.1.3 &nbsp;<br>Leaves:- &nbsp; &nbsp; – &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; – &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; – &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; – &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; – &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; – &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; – &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; – &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; – &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; 7</p><p>2.1.4 &nbsp;<br>Buds or flowers on the cannabis plant:- &nbsp; – &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; – &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; – &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; – &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; 7</p><p>2.1.5 &nbsp;<br>Smell of the cannabis plant, especially the leaves and flowers- &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; – &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; 8</p><p>2.1.6 &nbsp;<br>Discovery and cultivation- &nbsp; &nbsp; – &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; – &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; – &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; – &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; – &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; – &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; 8</p><p>2.2 &nbsp; &nbsp; Scientific<br>Classification of Cannabis- &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; – &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; – &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; – &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; – &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; – &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; 9</p><p>2.2.1 &nbsp; Species of Marijuana– – &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; – &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; – &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; – &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; – &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; – &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; – &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; 10</p><p>2.2.1.1<br><i>Cannabis sativa- &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;</i>– &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; – &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; – &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; – &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; – &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; – &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; – &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; – &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; 10</p><p>2.2.1.2 &nbsp; <i>Cannabis</i><br>Indica- &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; – &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; – &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; – &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; – &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; – &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; – &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; – &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; 11</p><p>2.2.1.3 &nbsp; <i>Cannabis</i><br>Ruderalis- – &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; – &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; – &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; – &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; – &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; – &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; – &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; 12</p><p>2.3 &nbsp;<br>Economic Importance of Marijuana- – &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; – &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; – &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; – &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; – &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; 15</p><p>2.4 &nbsp;<br>Constituents of <i>Cannabis</i>– &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; – &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; – &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; – &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; – &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; – &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; – &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; – &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; 17</p><p>2.4.1 Phytocannabinoids<br>— &nbsp; &nbsp; – &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; – &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; – &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; – &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; – &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; – &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; – &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; 17</p><p>2.4.2 Classification- &nbsp; &nbsp; – &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; – &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; – &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; – &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; – &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; – &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; – &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; – &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; 18</p><p>2.4.3 Noncannabinoid-Type<br>Constituents- &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; – &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; – &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; – &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; – &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; – &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; 20</p><p>2.4.4 Hydrocarbons- &nbsp; &nbsp; – &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; – &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; – &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; – &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; – &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; – &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; – &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; – &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; 23</p><p>2.4.5 Nitrogen-Containing<br>Compounds &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; – &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; – &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; – &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; – &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; 23</p><p>2.4.6 Carbohydrates- &nbsp; – &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; – &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; – &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; – &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; – &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; – &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; – &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; – &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; 24</p><p>2.4.7 Flavonoids- – &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; – &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; – &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; – &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; – &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; – &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; – &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; – &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; – &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; 24</p><p>2.4.8 Fatty<br>Acids- &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; – &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; – &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; – &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; – &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; – &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; – &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; – &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; – &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; – &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; 25</p><p>2.4.9 Noncannabinoid<br>Phenols- &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; – &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; – &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; – &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; – &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; – &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; – &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; 25</p><p>2.4.10 &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; Other- &nbsp; &nbsp; – &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; – &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; – &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; – &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; – &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; – &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; – &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; – &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; – &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; 26</p><p>2.4.11 &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; Cannabinoid Receptor System- &nbsp; &nbsp; – &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; – &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; – &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; – &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; – &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; 26</p><p>2.4.12 &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; Cannabinoid 1 and 2 Receptors- &nbsp; – &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; – &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; – &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; – &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; – &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; 27</p><p>2.5 &nbsp; &nbsp; Sex<br>Hormones and Its Synthesis- &nbsp; &nbsp; – &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; – &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; – &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; – &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; – &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; 28</p><p>2.6 &nbsp; &nbsp; The<br>Protein Hormones- – &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; – &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; – &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; – &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; – &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; – &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; – &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; 28</p><p>2.6.1 The<br>Gonadotropins- &nbsp; &nbsp; – &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; – &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; – &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; – &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; – &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; – &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; – &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; 28</p><p>2.6.2 Luteinizing<br>Hormone (LH)- &nbsp; &nbsp; – &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; – &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; – &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; – &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; – &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; – &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; 29</p><p>2.6.3 Human<br>Chorionic Gonadotropin (hCG)- &nbsp; – &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; – &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; – &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; – &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; 30</p><p>2.6.4 Prolactin<br>(Prl)- &nbsp; &nbsp; – &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; – &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; – &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; – &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; – &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; – &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; – &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; – &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; 31</p><p>2.7 &nbsp; &nbsp; The<br>Steroid Hormones- – &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; – &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; – &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; – &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; – &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; – &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; – &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; 32</p><p>2.7.1 Oestrogens- – &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; – &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; – &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; – &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; – &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; – &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; – &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; – &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; – &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; 32</p><p>2.7.2 Oestradiol<br>(E2)- &nbsp; – &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; – &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; – &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; – &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; – &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; – &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; – &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; – &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; 32</p><p>2.7.3 Oestrone<br>(E1)- &nbsp; &nbsp; – &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; – &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; – &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; – &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; – &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; – &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; – &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; – &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; 33</p><p>2.7.4 Oestriol<br>(E3)- &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; – &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; – &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; – &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; – &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; – &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; – &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; – &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; – &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; 33</p><p>2.7.5 Progesterone<br>(P4)- &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; – &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; – &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; – &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; – &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; – &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; – &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; – &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; – &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; 34</p><p>2.7.6 Testosterone<br>(T)- – &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; – &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; – &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; – &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; – &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; – &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; – &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; – &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; 35</p><p>2.8 &nbsp; &nbsp; Cannabis<br>Effects- – &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; – &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; – &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; – &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; – &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; – &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; – &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; – &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; 35</p><p>2.8.1 Endocrine<br>effects – &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; – &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; – &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; – &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; – &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; – &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; – &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; – &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; 35</p><p>2.8.2 Hypothalamic Pituitary-Gonadal Axis &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; – &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; – &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; – &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; – &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; – &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; 35</p><p>2.9 &nbsp; &nbsp; Hpg Axis Effects In Males &nbsp; &nbsp; – &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; – &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; – &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; – &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; – &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; – &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; 37</p><p>2.9.1 Effects on Reproductive Hormones in Males &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; – &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; – &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; – &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; – &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; 37</p><p>2.10 &nbsp; Effects on Prolactin &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; – &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; – &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; – &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; – &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; – &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; – &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; – &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; 39</p><p>2.10.1 &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; Effects on other<br>Body Systems &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; – &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; – &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; – &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; – &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; – &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; 40</p><p>2.10.2 &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; Vitamin C &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; – &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; – &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; – &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; – &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; – &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; – &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; – &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; – &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; – &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; 41</p><p>2.10.3 &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; Biosynthesis and molecular structure of<br>vitamin C &nbsp; – &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; – &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; 43</p><p>2.10.4 &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; Redox metabolism and antioxidant properties<br>of vitamin C- &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; – &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; 44</p> <br><p></p>

Project Abstract

Abstract
The use of cannabis sativa for medicinal and recreational purposes has been increasing, and its potential effects on various aspects of health are being studied extensively. In this research study, the impact of inhaled cannabis sativa and ascorbic acid (vitamin C) on body weight, organ weight, and sex hormone levels in male Wistar rats was investigated. Male Wistar rats were divided into four groups control, cannabis sativa only, ascorbic acid only, and cannabis sativa combined with ascorbic acid. The rats in the experimental groups were exposed to inhaled cannabis sativa vapor for a specified period, while the control group was exposed to room air. Ascorbic acid was administered orally to the rats in the respective groups. Body weight measurements were taken before and after the exposure period, and the rats were euthanized for organ weight measurements. The organs of interest included the liver, kidneys, and reproductive organs. Blood samples were collected to assess the levels of sex hormones, including testosterone. The results of the study indicated that exposure to inhaled cannabis sativa led to a significant decrease in body weight compared to the control group. Interestingly, the group that received both cannabis sativa and ascorbic acid showed a less pronounced decrease in body weight compared to the cannabis-only group. Organ weight measurements revealed no significant differences between the groups, indicating that the treatments did not have a significant impact on organ size. Analysis of sex hormone levels demonstrated that testosterone levels were decreased in the cannabis-only group compared to the control group. However, the group that received both cannabis sativa and ascorbic acid showed testosterone levels closer to those of the control group, suggesting a potential protective effect of ascorbic acid on sex hormone levels in the context of cannabis exposure. In conclusion, the findings of this study suggest that inhaled cannabis sativa can lead to a decrease in body weight and testosterone levels in male Wistar rats. However, the co-administration of ascorbic acid may mitigate some of these effects, indicating a potential role for ascorbic acid in modulating the physiological responses to cannabis exposure. Further research is warranted to explore the underlying mechanisms and potential implications of these findings in humans.

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