1. Introduction
1.1 Background
1.2 Objectives
2. Biochemical basis of antigen-antibody interactions
2.1 Epitope recognition and binding
2.2 Antibody isotype switching
2.3 Affinity maturation and memory response
3. Adjuvants in vaccine development
3.1 Mechanisms of adjuvant action
3.2 Toll-like receptor agonists
3.3 Aluminum salts and oil-in-water emulsions
4. Immune system activation by vaccines
4.1 Innate immune response
4.2 Activation of adaptive immune response
4.3 T-cell and B-cell activation
5. Biochemical strategies in vaccine development
5.1 Live attenuated vaccines
5.2 Inactivated vaccines
5.3 Subunit and recombinant vaccines
Vaccines have been instrumental in preventing infectious diseases and improving public health. The development of effective vaccines requires a deep understanding of the biochemistry involved in antigen selection, formulation, and immune response modulation. This project aims to investigate the role of biochemistry in vaccine development by exploring the biochemical basis of antigen-antibody interactions, adjuvant mechanisms, and immune system activation. Additionally, the project will examine the biochemical strategies employed in the development of different types of vaccines, including viral, bacterial, and subunit vaccines. The findings from this study will contribute to the advancement of vaccine design and optimization
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