Design And Construction Of An Intelligent 250 Volts Battery Charger With Micro Processor Using Seven Segment Display
Table Of Contents
<p> </p><p>TABLE OF CONTENTS</p><p>Title page i</p><p>Certification page ii</p><p>Dedication iii</p><p>Acknowledgement iv</p><p>Abstract v</p><p>Table of content vi-vii</p><p>
Chapter ONE
</p><p>Introduction 1</p><p>What is Battery Charger 1</p><p>What is an Intelligent Battery Charger 1</p><p>Other Types of Battery Charger 2-3</p><p>Chapter TWO
</p><p>Literature Review 4-5</p><p>Chapter THREE
</p><p>Component Description 6</p><p>Micro Controller 6-14</p><p>Resistor 14-16</p><p>Transistor 16</p><p>Seven Segment Display 17-18</p><p>Capacitor 18-20</p><p>Transformer 21</p><p>Diode 21-22</p><p>Chapter FOUR
</p><p>Principle of Operation 23-27</p><p>Circuit Diagram 28</p><p>Component List 29</p><p>Chapter FIVE
</p><p>Conclusion 30</p><p>Recommendations 31</p><p>References 32</p> <br><p></p>Project Abstract
AbstractThis project focuses on the design and construction of an intelligent 250 volts battery charger with a microprocessor using a seven-segment display. The aim of this project is to develop a smart battery charger that can effectively charge 250-volt batteries with the aid of a microprocessor for automated control and monitoring. The use of a seven-segment display will provide a user-friendly interface for displaying essential information such as voltage, current, and charging status. The system will be designed to be efficient, safe, and reliable in charging different types of 250-volt batteries commonly used in various applications. The intelligent features of the charger will include overcharge protection, short-circuit protection, and automatic voltage regulation to ensure optimal charging performance while preventing damage to the batteries. The integration of a microprocessor will enable precise control of the charging process, allowing for customized charging profiles based on the specific requirements of the connected battery. This will enhance the overall efficiency of the charging process and prolong the battery life by avoiding overcharging or undercharging. The use of a seven-segment display will provide real-time feedback to the user regarding the charging parameters, allowing for easy monitoring and troubleshooting if necessary. The display will show voltage levels, current flow, charging progress, and any error messages to keep the user informed throughout the charging cycle. The design will also incorporate intelligent charging algorithms to adapt to different battery chemistries and conditions, ensuring optimal charging performance regardless of the type of battery being charged. This flexibility will make the charger versatile and suitable for a wide range of battery applications. Overall, this project aims to deliver a sophisticated yet user-friendly battery charger that combines intelligent control features with a clear display interface for efficient and safe charging of 250-volt batteries. The integration of a microprocessor and a seven-segment display will enhance the functionality and usability of the charger, making it a valuable tool for various battery charging applications.
Project Overview
INTRODUCTION
WHAT IS A BATTERY CHARGER: A battery charger is a device used to put energy into a secondary cell or rechargeable battery. By forcing on electric current through it.
The charge current depends upon the technology and capacity of the battery being charged. For example, the current that should be applied to recharge a 12v car battery will be very different from the current for a mobile phone battery.
WHAT IS AN INTELLIGENT BATTERY CHARGER: This is a battery charger whose output current depends upon the battery’s state. An intelligent charger may monitor the battery’s voltage, temperature and/ or time under charge to determine the optimum charge current at that instant. Charging is terminated when a combination of the voltage, temperature and/or time indicates that the battery is fully charged.
OTHER TYPE OF BATTERY CHARGERS
1. SIMPLE BATTERY CHARGER: A simple charger works by connecting a constant dc power source to the battery being charged. A simple charger does not alter its output based on time or the charge on the battery. This simplicity means that a simple charger is inexpensive but there is a trade off in quality.
2. TRICKLE BATTERY CHARGER: A trickle charger is a kind of simple charger that charges the battery slowly, at the self-discharge rate. A trickle charger is the slowest kind of battery charger.
3. TIMER-BASED BATTERY CHARGER: The output of timer charger is terminated after a predetermined time. Timer chargers were the most common type for high-capacity Ni-Cd cells in the late 1990s
4. FAST BATTERY CHARGER: fast chargers make use of control circuitry in the batteries being charged to rapidly charge the batteries without damaging the cells element. Most such chargers have a cooling fan to help keep the temperature of the cells under control.
5. PULSE BATTERY CHARGER: some charger use pulse technology in which a pulse is fed to the battery. This DC pulse has a strictly controlled rise time, pulse width, pulse repetitive rate (frequency) and amplitude. This technology is used to work with any size, voltage, capacity or chemistry of batteries including automotive and valve-regulated batteries. .
6. INDUCTIVE BATTERY CHARGER: Inductive battery chargers use electromagnetic induction to charge batteries. A charging station sends electromagnetic energy through inductive coupling to an electrical device which stores the energy in the batteries
7. USB-BASED BATTERY CHARGER: Since the universal serial bus specification provides for a five-volt power supply, it is possible to use a USB cable as a power source for recharging batteries.
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