<p> </p><p>

Chapter ONE

</p><p>Introduction</p><p>1.1 &nbsp; &nbsp; Cardiovascular disease</p><p>1.1.1Aortic aneurysm / Abdominal aortic aneurysm</p><p>1.1.2 &nbsp; &nbsp;Acute coronary syndrome</p><p>1.1.3 Angina pectoris</p><p>1.1.4 Atherosclerosis</p><p>1.1.5 Coronary heart disease (CHD)/ Coronary artery disease</p><p>1.1.6 Heart attack / Acute myocardial infarction (AMI)</p><p>1.1.7 Heart failure / Congestive heart failure</p><p>1.1.8 Ischemic heart disease (IHD)</p><p>1.1.9 Ischemic stroke</p><p>1.1.10 &nbsp; Peripheral arterial disease (PAD)</p><p>1.1.11 &nbsp; Stroke</p><p>1.1.12 &nbsp; Sudden cardiac death</p><p>

Chapter TWO

</p><p>2.0 &nbsp; Tobacco smoking and cardiovascular diseases</p><p>2.1 &nbsp; &nbsp; Cigarette Smoking and Inflammation</p><p>2.2 &nbsp; &nbsp; Smoking in relation to Coronary Heart Disease</p><p>2.3 &nbsp; &nbsp; Smoking in relation to Sudden Cardiac Death</p><p>2.4 &nbsp; &nbsp; Smoking in relation to Cerebrovascular Disease / Stroke</p><p>2.5 &nbsp; &nbsp; Smoking in relation to Aortic Aneurysm</p><p>2.6 &nbsp; &nbsp; Smoking in relation to Peripheral Arterial Disease</p><p>

Chapter THREE

</p><p>3.0 &nbsp; &nbsp; Prevention of cardiovascular diseases</p><p>3.1 &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; Diets</p><p>3.1.1 &nbsp; &nbsp; Altering dietary fat intake</p><p>3.1.2 &nbsp; &nbsp; Reducing dietary salt</p><p>3.1.3 &nbsp; &nbsp; Fruit and Vegetable Intake</p><p>3.1.4 &nbsp; &nbsp; Effect of specific minor dietary components</p><p>3.1.5 &nbsp; &nbsp; Weight reduction and cardiovascular risk</p><p>3.1.6 &nbsp; &nbsp; Managing metabolic syndrome</p><p>3.2 &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; Physical activity</p><p>3.2.1 &nbsp; &nbsp; Physical activity and cardiovascular risk</p><p>3.3 &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; Smoking cessation</p><p>3.4 &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; Body weight</p><p>3.5 &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; Alcohol</p><p>3.6 &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; Blood pressure lowering</p><p>3.7 &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; Lipid lowering</p><p>3.8 &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; Control of glycaemia</p><p>3.9 &nbsp; &nbsp; Aspirin therapy</p><p>3.10 &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; Hormone therapy</p><p>

Chapter FOUR

</p><p>4.0 &nbsp; &nbsp; Conclusion and Recommendation</p><p>4.1 &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; Conclusion</p><p>4.2 &nbsp; &nbsp; Recommendation</p><p>References</p> <br><p></p>