Project Abstract

Abstract
This research project focuses on the integration of Ground Penetrating Radar (GPR) and Electrical Resistivity Tomography (ERT) techniques for subsurface imaging applications. The primary objective is to explore the synergies between GPR and ERT to enhance the accuracy and resolution of subsurface imaging in geophysical investigations. The study addresses the limitations of individual methods and aims to leverage their complementary strengths to achieve a more comprehensive understanding of subsurface structures and properties. The introductory chapter provides a background of the study, highlighting the significance of integrating GPR and ERT techniques in geophysical investigations. The problem statement identifies the challenges faced in subsurface imaging and underscores the need for improved methodologies. The objectives of the study are outlined to guide the research towards achieving specific goals, while the limitations and scope of the study delineate the boundaries and constraints within which the research is conducted. The chapter concludes with an overview of the structure of the research and definitions of key terms for clarity. The literature review chapter critically examines existing research on GPR and ERT applications, highlighting their principles, methodologies, strengths, and limitations. The review encompasses studies that have explored the integration of GPR and ERT techniques, providing insights into the benefits and challenges associated with combined geophysical imaging approaches. Key findings and gaps in the literature are identified to frame the research within the broader context of subsurface imaging techniques. The research methodology chapter details the experimental setup, data collection procedures, data processing techniques, and analysis methods employed in the study. The integration of GPR and ERT data is described, emphasizing the technical considerations, workflows, and software tools utilized to combine and interpret the geophysical data effectively. The chapter also discusses the calibration and validation processes to ensure the accuracy and reliability of the integrated imaging results. In the discussion of findings chapter, the research outcomes are presented and analyzed in depth. The integrated GPR and ERT imaging results are compared with individual method outputs, highlighting the improvements in resolution, depth penetration, and subsurface characterization achieved through the combined approach. Interpretations of the subsurface structures, anomalies, and features revealed by the integrated imaging are discussed, providing insights into the geological and environmental implications of the findings. The conclusion and summary chapter consolidate the key findings, implications, and contributions of the research. The significance of integrating GPR and ERT for subsurface imaging applications is underscored, emphasizing the potential for enhanced site characterization, environmental monitoring, and geotechnical investigations. Recommendations for future research directions and practical applications of the integrated approach are proposed to advance the field of geophysical imaging and address emerging challenges in subsurface exploration. In conclusion, the integration of Ground Penetrating Radar and Electrical Resistivity Tomography presents a promising avenue for advancing subsurface imaging capabilities in geophysics. This research project contributes to the growing body of knowledge on combined geophysical techniques and demonstrates the potential benefits of integrating GPR and ERT for enhanced subsurface characterization and imaging accuracy.

Project Overview

The project topic "Integration of Ground Penetrating Radar and Electrical Resistivity Tomography for Subsurface Imaging" focuses on the combined use of two geophysical techniques, Ground Penetrating Radar (GPR) and Electrical Resistivity Tomography (ERT), to enhance subsurface imaging capabilities. Both GPR and ERT are non-invasive methods commonly used in geophysics for mapping and characterizing subsurface features and structures. By integrating these two techniques, researchers aim to overcome individual limitations and achieve a more comprehensive and detailed subsurface imaging. Ground Penetrating Radar (GPR) is a geophysical method that uses radar pulses to image the subsurface. It is effective in identifying changes in subsurface materials, such as soil layers, bedrock, and buried objects like utilities or archaeological artifacts. However, GPR has limitations in resolving the electrical properties of materials, particularly in complex geological settings where variations in material properties are subtle. On the other hand, Electrical Resistivity Tomography (ERT) is a technique that measures the electrical resistivity of subsurface materials to create high-resolution images of the subsurface. ERT is valuable for delineating geological structures, groundwater flow paths, and detecting subsurface anomalies based on variations in resistivity. Nevertheless, ERT may lack the resolution to accurately identify shallow features and can be influenced by noise and environmental factors. The integration of GPR and ERT involves combining the strengths of both methods to improve the accuracy and resolution of subsurface imaging. By simultaneously collecting GPR and ERT data at a site, researchers can correlate the complementary information provided by each technique to create more detailed subsurface models. This integration allows for better characterization of subsurface features, such as stratigraphy, buried objects, fractures, and groundwater flow paths, with enhanced spatial resolution and depth penetration. The research aims to develop an integrated approach that combines GPR and ERT data processing techniques to create 2D and 3D subsurface models that offer a more comprehensive understanding of the subsurface environment. By optimizing data integration, inversion algorithms, and interpretation methods, the project seeks to enhance the accuracy, resolution, and reliability of subsurface imaging results. The ultimate goal is to provide geoscientists, engineers, and environmental professionals with a powerful tool for site characterization, geological mapping, environmental monitoring, and infrastructure planning. Overall, the integration of Ground Penetrating Radar and Electrical Resistivity Tomography for subsurface imaging represents an innovative and promising research direction in geophysics. By leveraging the complementary strengths of these two techniques, this project aims to advance the field of subsurface imaging and contribute to improved understanding and management of subsurface resources and environments.