Project Abstract

Factors militating against effective environmental sanitation are numerous and complex, posing significant challenges to public health and sustainable development. This research aims to explore and analyze the key factors that hinder the achievement of effective environmental sanitation practices in urban and rural areas. The study will employ a mixed-methods approach, combining quantitative surveys and qualitative interviews to gather data from various stakeholders, including government officials, community leaders, environmental health practitioners, and residents. The quantitative surveys will focus on assessing the current state of environmental sanitation infrastructure, waste management practices, and public awareness levels. On the other hand, qualitative interviews will delve deeper into understanding the underlying factors contributing to poor sanitation practices and the barriers to implementing sustainable solutions. Preliminary findings suggest that inadequate waste management systems, lack of proper sanitation facilities, limited access to clean water sources, and poor enforcement of environmental regulations are among the primary factors militating against effective environmental sanitation. Additionally, socio-economic factors such as poverty, rapid urbanization, and cultural norms also play a significant role in perpetuating unsanitary conditions. The research will further investigate the interplay between these various factors and their impact on public health outcomes, including the prevalence of waterborne diseases, respiratory infections, and other sanitation-related illnesses. By identifying and analyzing these factors comprehensively, the study aims to provide valuable insights for policymakers, urban planners, and public health officials to develop targeted interventions and strategies to improve environmental sanitation practices. Moreover, the research will explore potential solutions to address these challenges, including promoting community-led sanitation initiatives, strengthening regulatory frameworks, and enhancing public education campaigns on hygiene and waste management. By engaging with key stakeholders at the local, national, and international levels, the study seeks to foster collaboration and knowledge-sharing to build sustainable and resilient sanitation systems. In conclusion, effective environmental sanitation is essential for promoting public health, safeguarding the environment, and achieving sustainable development goals. By understanding the key factors militating against effective sanitation practices and implementing evidence-based interventions, communities can create healthier and more livable environments for current and future generations.

Project Overview

INTRODUCTION

In its modern concept, environment includes not only water, air and soil but the social and economic condition under which we live (Park, 2011). The key to mans health lie largely on his environment. Infact, much of mans’ ill-health can be traced to adverse environmental factors such as water, soil and air pollution poor housing conditions, presence of animal reservoir and insects vectors of diseases, which poses serious threats to man’s health. Man is often responsible for the pollution of the environment through urbanization, industrialization and other human activities. According to the National sanitation foundation of USA, the word sanitation is defined as “way of life that is expressed in the clean lines of homes, farms, business, premises, neighborhood and community Parks (2011). Furthermore, World Health Organization (WHO) defines sanitation as the provision of facilities and services for the safe disposal of human urine and faeces and other waste materials (UNICEF and WHO 2012).