Project Abstract

Abstract
The phenomenon of urban sprawl has been a growing concern for environmentalists, urban planners, and policymakers around the world. As cities expand outward, natural landscapes and ecosystems are fragmented and degraded, leading to significant ecological consequences. This research project aims to explore the legacy of sprawl on nature, focusing on the fragmentation of natural areas and its implications for biodiversity and ecosystem services. By examining case studies from various regions, the study investigates how urban sprawl has disconnected once contiguous habitats, leading to habitat loss, fragmentation, and isolation of wildlife populations. The research also delves into the impacts of fragmented landscapes on biodiversity, including changes in species composition, reduced genetic diversity, and increased extinction risk for native flora and fauna. Furthermore, the project evaluates the effects of sprawl-induced habitat fragmentation on ecosystem services, such as water quality, pollination, and carbon sequestration. By disrupting the natural connectivity of ecosystems, sprawl can compromise the ability of landscapes to provide essential services, affecting both human well-being and wildlife survival. In addition to ecological impacts, the research addresses the social and cultural dimensions of sprawl-induced fragmentation. By analyzing the loss of green spaces, recreational areas, and cultural landscapes due to urban sprawl, the study highlights the importance of nature for human health, well-being, and identity. The project also considers strategies for mitigating the negative effects of sprawl on nature, including land-use planning, habitat restoration, green infrastructure development, and conservation initiatives. By promoting sustainable urban growth and protecting remaining natural areas, cities can preserve biodiversity, enhance ecosystem services, and promote human-nature coexistence. Overall, this research contributes to the understanding of the legacy of sprawl on nature and underscores the importance of addressing habitat fragmentation in urban and regional planning. By recognizing the ecological, social, and cultural values of nature in the face of urban expansion, policymakers and stakeholders can work towards creating more sustainable and resilient landscapes that benefit both people and the environment.

Project Overview

INTRODUCTION

Biological diversity (or biodiversity, for short) is the variety of life on Earth and the interactions, cycles, and processes of nature that link it all together. In its broadest definition, biodiversity includes individual species, the genetic diversity within species, the natural communities in which these species interact, and the ecosystems and landscapes in which species evolve and coexist (Noss and Cooperrider 1994). Although conservation efforts to protect biodiversity tend to focus on unique plants or rare animals, biodiversity actually encompasses all nature, including both common and rare components and even more obscure organisms such as fungi and microbes.

Ecologists now recognize that natural events such as fires, floods, and hurricanes are fundamental to ecosystem integrity. These processes can be predictable disruptive events, such as annual flooding and fires that cycle through a forest with relative frequency, or unpredictable and infrequent largescale disturbances, such as earthquakes and volcano eruptions. All are critical to the maintenance of ecosystems and the species these systems support. Sprawling development interferes with these natural disturbance regimes by suppressing or altering them. In addition, sprawl fosters other novel anthropogenic disturbances, such as clearing for home construction, trampling of soil and vegetation, dumping, or vandalism, which…

Pollination, broadly defined, is the transfer of pollen within and between compatible flowers. Pollen carries the male nuclei, so pollination is a key step for sexual reproduction by seed plants, the group that dominates Earth’s terrestrial flora. Primary agents of pollination include wind, some birds and bats, and insects, especially bees, but also some kinds of beetles, flies, wasps, moths, and butterflies. Too little is known to generalize about links among sprawl, pollination, and seed set overall, but urban and suburban sprawl does alter ecological features important to pollinators, such as plant community composition and reproductive opportunities.