Project Abstract

Abstract
Effluent waste from Promotex industries poses a significant environmental concern due to its complex physiochemical composition and potential impact on surrounding ecosystems. This study aimed to characterize the physiochemical properties of effluent wastes generated by Promotex industries and assess their environmental impact. Various analytical techniques such as gas chromatography, mass spectrometry, and UV-Visible spectroscopy were employed to analyze the effluent samples. The results revealed that the effluent wastes contained high levels of organic compounds, heavy metals, and other contaminants. The presence of organic compounds such as phenols and benzene derivatives indicated potential toxicity to aquatic organisms and human health. Additionally, elevated concentrations of heavy metals like lead, cadmium, and chromium raised concerns about bioaccumulation in the food chain. The pH of the effluent samples was found to be highly acidic, which could disrupt the pH balance of receiving water bodies and affect aquatic life. Furthermore, the study assessed the environmental impact of the effluent wastes through toxicity testing and chemical oxygen demand (COD) analysis. Toxicity tests using Daphnia magna and Vibrio fischeri indicated acute toxicity and genotoxicity of the effluent samples. The high COD values suggested a substantial amount of organic matter that could deplete oxygen levels in water bodies, leading to adverse effects on aquatic organisms. The findings of this study underscore the urgent need for effective treatment and management of effluent wastes from Promotex industries to mitigate their environmental impact. Implementing advanced treatment technologies such as activated carbon adsorption, membrane filtration, and biological treatment could significantly reduce the levels of contaminants in the effluent discharge. Additionally, implementing proper waste management practices and regulatory oversight is crucial to prevent further environmental degradation. In conclusion, the physiochemical characteristics of effluent wastes from Promotex industries pose a significant environmental threat due to their complex composition and potential toxicity. Addressing the environmental impact of these effluent wastes requires a comprehensive approach that integrates advanced treatment technologies, waste management practices, and regulatory measures to safeguard the environment and public health.

Project Overview

For a total period of four months, effluent, water and soil samples were collected on a monthly basis from an industrial area in Nnewi in Anambra State in order to determine their constituents. A total of twenty six parameters were analyzed for effluents and water, while a total of fourteen parameters were analyzed for soil. The result showed that effluents from the industry (Promotex) contained a number of contaminants which contaminate the soil and nearby river. Correlation technique was used to determine the degree of relationship between nitrate content and Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD) values of the effluents and water; and to determine the degree of relationship between the pH values and the Arsenic content of the soil. There was a generally low negative correlation for all the months for the effluents(-0.58,-0.07,-0.09,and 0.47 respectively for July, August, September and October) and soil (-0.03,-0.66.and- 0.54 for July, August and October respectively) except for the month of September (0.06) that had a very low positive correlation between the pH and Conductivity values of the soil. The student t-test with N+ N- 2 degree of freedom was used to test for the null hypothesis that there is no significance difference between the Alkalinity and Chloride contents of the effluents and water. The environmental implications established that Ele River as well as the soil in the area is polluted at varying levels by effluents from the industry and surrounding environment.