Project Abstract

Abstract
The implementation of an automatic fire detection and alarm system is crucial in ensuring the safety of occupants and property in various settings, including residential buildings, commercial spaces, and industrial facilities. This research project focuses on the design and implementation of a reliable and efficient automatic fire detection and alarm system using a combination of sensors, control panels, communication devices, and alarm notification mechanisms. The system integrates various types of sensors, such as smoke detectors, heat detectors, and flame detectors, to detect the presence of fire or smoke in the environment. These sensors are strategically placed in different areas of the building to provide comprehensive coverage and early detection of potential fire incidents. The sensor data is processed by a central control panel, which analyzes the information and triggers the alarm system in case of a fire emergency. In addition to the detection capabilities, the system is equipped with alarm notification mechanisms to alert occupants and emergency responders about the fire incident. The alarm system includes audible alarms, visual indicators, and communication devices, such as SMS alerts or automated phone calls, to ensure that the appropriate action is taken promptly. Integration with building management systems or central monitoring stations can further enhance the effectiveness of the alarm notification process. Furthermore, the automatic fire detection and alarm system can be connected to the local fire department or emergency services to enable quick response and coordination in case of a fire emergency. This integration allows for timely communication of critical information, such as the location of the fire, potential hazards, and the number of occupants in the building, to facilitate an efficient and effective emergency response. Overall, the implementation of an automatic fire detection and alarm system plays a vital role in mitigating the risks associated with fire incidents and minimizing potential damages to life and property. By utilizing advanced sensors, intelligent control panels, and effective alarm notification mechanisms, the system provides a reliable and proactive approach to fire safety management. This research project aims to demonstrate the feasibility and effectiveness of implementing such a system in various real-world scenarios to enhance overall safety and security measures.

Project Overview

The Voice prompt fire detector and extinguisher are considered better alternatives to traditional audible alarms because a voice is typically less likely to instill panic, and the voice feature can be used to give specific instructions, for specific situations. They not only let everyone when an emergency arises but they also inform the people of certain measures to take to avoid confusion and thereafter saving them valuable time necessary for protection of life and properties.

Furthermore, the Voice prompt fire detector and extinguisher can be programmed to give voice alerts in diverse languages or dialects according to where it is being installed around the world. It clears the problems of families or communities who do not understand a particular global language or dialect. This thereby increases the number of lives saved since there are no excuses on the ground of not understanding a particular language.

In addition, the Voice prompt fire detector and extinguisher limits the spread of fire through the means of the water sprinkler system which removes the heat content of the fire (cooling effect) thereby extinguishing the fire.

 1.1 Background of the study

Reports on the issue of recorded deaths due to fire hazards and gas explosions have increased tremendously. According to the U. S. Fire Administration website, a reliable resource for credible information; “Each year more than 2,500 people die and 12,600 are injured in home fires in the United States, with direct property loss due to home fires estimated at $7.3 billion annually”[1]. If this number of deaths and casualties are recorded in a highly developed nation with several means of controlling fire incidents already in place such as the US, it is therefore acceptable to conclude that a developing nation such as Nigeria would suffer even more casualties and deaths due to the incessant fire outbreaks and gas explosions experienced yearly for instance, the Ariari market fire in Aba.

One major method of combating the catastrophic effects of a fire outbreak which leads to loss of life and property is its early detection and the occupants’ evacuation of people at the scene of the incident. Many companies with the hope of bridging the gap in the number of deaths and loss of properties caused by fire have developed the smoke alarms, gas sensors and detectors, even the most recent GSM Based SMS Alert Fire Alarm Systems.  However these new technologies have their limitations in successfully detecting smoke or gas and triggering alarms (horns or, bells) instantaneously for a timely evacuation.

Project Outline

The chapters in this project work are outlined briefly and their contents summarized thus;

Chapter One, which is an introduction to the project, gives the project background of study, statement of problem, aims and objectives, and the scope of the project.

Chapter Two, which is the literature review, gives an evaluation of previous related works of the project.

Chapter Three deals with the methodology where the methods or techniques used in the actualization of the project will be discussed.

In chapter Four, the system analysis and designs are exclusively dealt with.

Chapter Five focuses on the system implementation and evaluation.

Finally, chapter six is a summary and conclusion of the project with outlined recommendations.