Project Abstract

Abstract
This research project focuses on the design and construction of a 25amps single-phase automatic changeover system. The automatic changeover is a critical component in electrical systems that allows for seamless switching between the main power supply and an alternative power source such as a generator. The system is designed to ensure uninterrupted power supply to essential electrical loads during power outages or fluctuations. The project involves the design and implementation of a robust and reliable automatic changeover system capable of handling up to 25amps of electrical load. The system incorporates various components including relays, contactors, circuit breakers, and control units to facilitate automatic switching and monitoring of the power sources. The design process includes the selection of appropriate components based on the power rating and operational requirements of the system. Special attention is given to the reliability and efficiency of the components to ensure smooth operation and minimal downtime. The system is also designed to comply with relevant safety standards and regulations to ensure the protection of both the electrical system and the connected loads. The construction phase involves the assembly and integration of the selected components into a compact and functional automatic changeover unit. The wiring and connections are carefully implemented to ensure proper functioning and to prevent issues such as short circuits or overloads. The system is also tested extensively to verify its performance under different operating conditions and to identify any potential issues that may arise. Overall, the design and construction of the 25amps single-phase automatic changeover system aim to provide a reliable and efficient solution for seamless power switching in electrical systems. The system is intended for use in residential, commercial, and industrial applications where uninterrupted power supply is essential for continuous operations. By ensuring smooth and automatic switching between power sources, the system helps to minimize disruptions and downtime, thereby enhancing the overall reliability and performance of the electrical system.

Project Overview

1.0 INTRODUCTION

As the quest for change over on public power supply and stand by generation increase. Engineering have researches deep into the different methods of achieving to both manual and automatic types.
It may not be taken seriously in some places where power supply is up to 90 constant or where intermittent outage causes no great damage. However, place where they have business centers, industrial centers and even cold rooms need to almost 100% supply. So in this case there is need to provide a standby power supply in the event of power outage. The most important task is just to provide a standby power supply by great attention is paid to the reliability of the system. That is immediately and change over without fluctuations.
The first type of change over switch were purely manual operated. They usually have three switch able position, main, off and generator. An arm is provided from where the operator can have access to the switching. Here, the effectiveness of the switching (i.e how fast it is effected each time power needs to be changed) largely depends on the operator. The change over system will be ineffective when the operator is not around.
The second generation of change over switches were made semi-automatic in which the mains power supply directly powers the contactors. This arrangement is wired is such a way that if the mains power supply fails, the contractors will all drop leaving the supply to the generator position. The effectiveness of the system will now depend on the operator top start up the generator on time.
The main problem suffered by the above mentioned two versions of the change over switch is that the operator must have to be continuously on duty for it to be very effective. They lent use full closed loop system to operate.