Project Abstract

Abstract
Political participation in rural areas is a critical aspect of democracy and governance. This research project aims to investigate the level of political participation in rural communities and explore the factors influencing this participation. The study will employ a mixed-methods approach, combining quantitative surveys and qualitative interviews to gather comprehensive data on the topic. The research will focus on understanding the various forms of political participation, including voting in elections, attending community meetings, engaging in grassroots movements, and contacting local government representatives. By examining these different modes of participation, the study aims to provide a nuanced understanding of the ways in which rural residents engage with the political process. Furthermore, the project will explore the factors that facilitate or hinder political participation in rural areas. This will involve examining socio-economic factors such as income level, education, and access to information, as well as social factors like community cohesion and trust in government institutions. By identifying these influences, the research aims to shed light on the underlying reasons for the level of political engagement observed in rural communities. The study will also consider the role of local institutions and community organizations in promoting political participation among rural residents. By analyzing the impact of these intermediary structures, the research aims to uncover strategies for enhancing political engagement at the grassroots level. Additionally, the project will assess the influence of external factors such as government policies and media coverage on political participation in rural areas. Through its comprehensive analysis of political participation in rural areas, this research project seeks to contribute to academic scholarship on democracy, governance, and rural development. By illuminating the dynamics of political engagement in rural communities, the study aims to inform policymakers, community leaders, and development practitioners on strategies for fostering inclusive and participatory political processes in these regions. In conclusion, this research project will offer valuable insights into the level of political participation in rural areas and provide a nuanced understanding of the factors shaping this participation. By employing a mixed-methods approach and considering a range of influences, the study aims to contribute to the broader discourse on democracy and governance in rural communities.

Project Overview

INTRODUCTION

1.1 BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY

Political participation includes the political activities of citizens aimed at influencing the political process. Such participation could be either in an individual or group basis. The political process may be the ways, directions and methods of governance or the input of the outcomes of the process. The political activities that may involve their participation: selection of leaders, influencing decision of government and the process of governance. Okafor & Okeke (2008).

Political participation includes those action of private cities by which they seek to influence or support government and politics. Political participation could either be conventional or orthodox and unconventional or unorthodox. Writing on convention and non-conventional political participation. Janda etal state as follows:-

Thus, conventional participation is legal, constitutional, acceptable and normal. Activities here may include voting, campaigns and attendance to party meetings, expressing political opinions, standing for elections, registration as a party member and as a voter for an election contesting for elective offices, party funding. These activities are in consonance with the normal political process. Unconventional political participation includes those activities that are not acceptable, not regarded as lawful and legal, not sanctioned or not normal. They include such activities as riots, strikes, violent, demonstration, arson, boycotts, rebellion, terrorism, cultism, protests, and the like. It is felt that a higher propensity for the emergence of unconventional participation is accentuated by the existence of narrow or very limited conventional modes. For people to express their feelings and be heard under a trained mode they have to resort to unconventional approaches.

Conventional (orthodox) political participation is of two fold. There could be supportive participation or influencing participation. Under the supportive dimension, our citizens express allegiance or loyalty to the state and government. Examples include singing the national anthem, reciting the national pledge or making reference to such symbols as the national flag and the coat of arms, turning out for voting purpose, etc.

The influencing dimension is concerned with efforts to modify or reverse government policy to suit political interests. Examples include trying to secure some benefits from government, asking for special social or welfare services from the government such as setting up a health canter, construction or rehabilitation of roads, sitting, a public school or police post. e. t. c.

1.2 STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM

From the above background of study, political participation is the vehicle through which citizens of a given society communicate their interests, demands, desires, support and or proposition to the authoritative decisions of the superstructure. However it seems the levels of people participation in politics are narrow may be due to the assertion that “politics is a dirty game”. Since 2003, democracy has come to be regarded as the source for political participation active towards rural direction. Therefore, this study would seek to find solutions to the following problem:-

i. Low level of education.

ii. The culture of corruption.

iii. Parochial political culture.

iv. Subject political culture.

v. Primordial sentiment and low socio-economic development.

1.3 RESEARCH QUESTIONS

The research questions to be investigated are:

i. What is the profile cause of low level of education in ruralities of Ojo?

ii. Can culture of corruption affect political participation in ruralities of Ojo?

iii. Can parochial political culture contribute to the level of political participation in ruralities of Ojo?

iv. Is there any measure to be used to determine subject political culture in political participation in Ruralities of Ojo?

v. What is the consequence of low socio-economic development on ruralities of Ojo?

1.4 RESEARCH HYPOTHESES

To guide the study, the following null research hypotheses were raised to be tested:

i. Low level of education cannot be significantly responsible for the level of political participation in ruralities of Ojo.

ii. Culture of corruption cannot affect level of political participation in ruralities of Ojo.

iii. Parochial political culture cannot contribute to low level of political participation in ruralities of Ojo.

iv. Low socio-economic development cannot be significantly responsible for level of political participation in ruralities of Ojo.

1.5 SCOPE OF STUDY

The scope of this study is the level of political participation of the ruralities in Ojo local government area of Lagos state. The scope was chosen due to the low level of political participation of the people in the area and individual development.

1.9 SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY

The significance of this study will encourage active participation of individuals in the political process of their community. The study will also make the citizens to share in governance through expression of consent, choice, rejection of the leader and certain policies considers obnoxious. Through participation, the citizen makes some input in governance through the expression of demands, preferences, orientations, judgments and political process.

1.10 DELIMITATION OF THE STUDY

The study will be limited to the ruralities in Ojo local government area of Lagos state on the level of political participation in 2008-2009.

1.11 DEFINITION OF TERMS

1. Influence: Power to produce an effect, esp. on character, beliefs or action.

2. Political Participation: Is the involvement of individual in political activities. It can be through electional activities covers voting, campaigns, seeking to persuade others to vote for a given candidate or party.

References

Okafor C.U & Okeke, M.I. (2008): Political Culture. The Nigeria Perspective Academic Publishing Company Enugu.

Oghenekaro, M. Ogbinaka (2008): A Course Text on Government 1. Obaroh & Ogbinaka Publishers Limited Lagos.

Bamigbose, J.A (2008): Political Science and Government. Lagos: Ijede Commercial Enterprises.

Raufu, S.A (2010): Introduction to Political Science. Lagos: Leo Prints Nigeria.

Segun Aderigbingbe, (2006): Basic Approach to Government. Lagos Joja Educational Research.

Oyediran, O (2009): Nigeria government and Politics under Military Rule. Ibadan: Macmillan Press Ltd.

Nnoli, O. (2000): Introduction to Political Science. England: Longman Group Limited.

Dubby, B.J (2003): Introduction to Nigeria Government and Politics. Macmillian Press Ltd.

Remi Anifowose & Francis, C. Enemuo (2007): Elements of Politics. Lagos, Sam Iroanusi Publications.

Michele Micheletti, (2005): International Political Science Review, Vol. 26, No. 3.