Project Abstract

Abstract
Polyethylene is one of the most commonly used plastics in the world, making up a significant portion of plastic waste generated globally. The disposal of polyethylene waste presents a major environmental challenge due to its non-biodegradable nature. Pyrolysis has emerged as a promising technology for the recycling of polyethylene waste materials into valuable products. This research project aims to investigate the pyrolysis of polyethylene waste and explore the conversion of the resulting pyrolysis products into useful materials. The pyrolysis process involves the thermal degradation of polyethylene waste in the absence of oxygen, leading to the formation of gaseous, liquid, and solid products. The composition and properties of these pyrolysis products can be influenced by various factors such as temperature, heating rate, and residence time. By optimizing these parameters, it is possible to maximize the yield of desired products and minimize the formation of unwanted by-products. The gaseous products obtained from polyethylene pyrolysis typically include hydrocarbons such as methane, ethylene, and propylene, which can be used as fuel or chemical feedstocks. The liquid products, known as pyrolysis oil, contain a mixture of hydrocarbons that can be further refined into fuels or chemicals. The solid residue, often referred to as char, can be utilized as a carbonaceous material for various applications. In this study, the focus will be on investigating the influence of pyrolysis conditions on the yield and quality of the resulting products. Analytical techniques such as gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) will be used to characterize the composition of the pyrolysis products. Thermal analysis methods like thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) will be employed to study the thermal decomposition behavior of polyethylene waste. The ultimate goal of this research project is to develop a sustainable and efficient process for the recycling of polyethylene waste materials via pyrolysis. By converting polyethylene waste into valuable products, this approach can help reduce the environmental impact of plastic waste while also providing economic benefits. The findings of this study could contribute to the development of innovative solutions for plastic waste management and resource recovery.

Project Overview

1.1 BACKGROUND OF STUDY

Recycling is a dynamic process that restores the life cycle of a material. Also recycling refers to as a process of collecting and processing materials that would otherwise be thrown away as trash and turning them into a new product. Recycling as well reduce the consumption of fresh raw materials, energy usage, water and air pollution and lower green house gas emission as compared to a plastic production. (Roach John 2003).

Polyethylene plastic bags are petroleum-based so the manufacturing process releases harmful pollutants into the atmosphere. Some speculate that these emissions and other smog-related types of pollution accumulate over time in the atmosphere.                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                   Uioolk1

Countries and large corporations are beginning to realize the threat that these plastic bags pose to our planet. Many are proposing or have already enacted laws and taxes to decrease the use of polyethylene plastic bags. Many grocery stores are even rewarding customers for bringing reusable grocery bags as an alternative to these polyethylene plastic bags. Customers choosing not to use alternatives to plastic bags either find the alternatives are inconvenient or are simply unaware of the problem at hand.

Polyethylene recycling bags are currently being used all over the world but there is currently no environmentally friendly way to dispose of them.

The rate of consumption of plastic materials in the world is highly expanding, more waste plastics are generated. In past years, their generation amount in China becomes about six million per year, according to data from the National Institute of Environmental Research (Roach John 2005).

Typically, raw materials are manufactured into products for consumption. Leftovers are then thrown away. This linear process, from extraction of raw materials, to production, then consumption and disposal, has created a waste crisis.

To reduce this one-way flow of re-sources to overburdened waste disposal facilities, materials no longer needed or wanted can be remanufactured. (Roach John 2003).

1.2 AIM

The aim is to recycle polyethylene waste materials to useful products via pyrolysis.

1.3 OBJECTIVES

The objectives of this work are includes:-

(a). To collect the polyethylene waste materials (discarded water sachets plastic bottle )

(b). To carry out thermal pyrolysis of the materials at temperature of 300oC – 350oC

(c). To monitor the quantity of fuel gas and hydrocarbon liquids evolved

1.4 SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY

The significance studies of recycling polyethylene waste materials via pyrolysis are:

It serve as an economics important to the society or nations

The recycling of polyethylene waste materials to useful appear intervene with our consuming society where it will be hard to imaging in modern society today without plastic which have found amyriad of used in fields as diverse as household appliance, packaging, construction, medicine and electronic.

The recycling of polyethylene waste help in an industrial production of plastic and polymer products such as sachet water, plastic bottle, rubber paint, e.t.c. As sources of raw materials to produces other useful product from those polyethylene waste materials.

It helps in prevent waste pollutant from an environment.

1.5 SCOPES OF THE STUDY

The research is restricted to the recycling of polyethylene products, arising specifically from Low Density Polyethylene (LDPE). No attempt is made to suggest new production process. the study does not include of alternative materials.

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