Project Abstract

Abstract
The study investigates the difference in wages and salaries structure in the Nigerian economy, focusing on the health sector with a case study of the University of Nigeria Teaching Hospital (UNTH). Nigeria's economy has experienced significant fluctuations and challenges over the years, impacting various sectors, including healthcare. The research aims to analyze the wage and salary structures within the health sector at UNTH to understand the disparities and factors influencing them. Employing a mixed-methods approach, the study collects both quantitative and qualitative data to provide a comprehensive analysis. Primary data is gathered through surveys and interviews with employees across different cadres within the UNTH health sector. Additionally, secondary data from official reports, academic sources, and relevant publications are utilized to enhance the study's depth and reliability. Preliminary findings indicate notable variations in wage and salary structures among different categories of healthcare workers at UNTH. Factors such as job roles, qualifications, experience, and professional ranks contribute to these differences. The research reveals that medical professionals, such as doctors and specialists, generally receive higher remuneration compared to support staff like nurses and administrative personnel. Moreover, discrepancies in pay scales between junior and senior staff members are identified, reflecting hierarchical structures within the organization. The study also examines external influences impacting wage differentials in the Nigerian health sector, including government policies, economic conditions, and market forces. The analysis delves into how these factors interact with internal dynamics at UNTH to shape the overall remuneration framework. Additionally, the research explores employees' perceptions of fairness and equity regarding salary and wage distributions, shedding light on potential morale and productivity implications. Furthermore, the study discusses implications for organizational management and policy recommendations to address wage differentials and enhance overall workforce satisfaction and performance. By understanding the intricacies of wage structures within the Nigerian health sector, stakeholders can implement targeted strategies to promote transparency, equality, and efficiency in remuneration practices. In conclusion, the research contributes valuable insights into the wage and salary structures in the Nigerian economy, specifically within the health sector at UNTH. The findings serve as a foundation for further exploration and intervention to optimize remuneration systems, foster employee well-being, and ultimately improve healthcare service delivery in Nigeria.

Project Overview

.1            THE GENERAL BACKGROUND OF THE SUBJECT MATTER

Everyday the problem of a functional wage and salaries burdens the government the employers and the employee in both the public and private sectors of our economy. wages and salaries questions are the most important of all terms in any economy. Not only to they come up most frequently they also take more time to discuss and give rise to the greatest number of disputed this leads to a conflict of interest because while wages are cost to the employer they are income to the workers (employee)

Nigeria workers have not for one day enjoyed a unified salary structure. In most cases the public sector enjoys a different wage system from that of the private. Though there have been advancement in compensation theories criteria assumptions techniques relief measures and research into wags and salary scientist have for several years devoted much attention to the study of wage and salary and   have developed variety of theories concerning the level of wage and its determination and role which wages play in the functioning of the economy.

Theories are conditioned they apply. It is important to note that the techniques of wages and salary structure described and discussed is adopted to the condition existing in the economy to which they apply hence in this project work we seek to study difference in wages and salary structure in the Nigeria economy. a case study of university of Nigeria teaching hospital (UNTH) Enugu (Health sector)  

We shall also look or examine the nature and difference in wages and salary structure especially as they correlate to inter personal relation and productivity of the workers and effort made to depict how best to improve the situation in order to minimize the human relation problems apparent in this organization

The term wage is according to YESUPE IMT (1982) defined as the   term commonly used for those employees whose pay is calculation according to number of hours worked. He also defined salary as that compensation which is uniform from one pay period to the next and does not depend on the hours worked.

Wages in economic sense means the remuneration for the expenditure of   effort in the production of goods and services (i.e.the prices of labour). Workers believe that they should be paid as much as others doing the same type of job in the same organization.

Therefore the sensitive impact of differential in wages and salary structure in Nigeria economy demands that the formulation and enforcement of a fair policy should be a matter of central importance at the national level.

1.2            PROBLEM ASSOCIATED WITYH THE SUBJECT MATTER

Differential in wages and safaris had cause several problems or that it had led workers so many problems

1.  It cause dissatisfaction or lack of satisfaction. For instance if workers “A” does not earn equal amount with “B” he will be angry with “B” and will not be satisfied with the amount he is been paid.
2.    Also deferential does   not earn equal amount with his labourers or surbodinates (workers) have good economy miles to see if they would meet up us economy situation and this will result to restless days and also over working.
3. It cause negative productivity. In this case the difference in wages and salaries or worker will have to affect productivity because by worker not receiving the same amount of compensation they will lead to a negative productivity or it will reduce the out put of the organization.
4.   The difference in wages and salary of workers may lead some workers taking unnecessary risk. This is so because the level of wages paid to works depends on the level rise associated with their job. Due to this so many workers have in one way or the other engaged themselves to so many types of risk in the sense that they went to satisfy their employers.  

 1.3            PROBLEMS THAT THE STUDY WILL BE CONCERNED WITH

After making use of the UNTH library and with the help of the assistant there we were able to know some of the problems that are responsible for the difference in wages and salaries structure in UNTH and they are as follows.

 1.       PROFESSION:   The paramedical personnel from the majority number of staff within the senior staff cadre followed by the doctors then the administrative personnel. The paramedical personnel showed existing among the health personnel in the same organization, performing almost the same function is demoralizing to them and also affect their productivity and professional relationship in the organization. The administrative personnel are also saying the same thing while most of the medical personnel have high moral because they live to have a different salary structure and also feed supervisor to the   paramedical personnel.

2.       LENGTH OF SERVICE:      From the records we went through we found out that some staff have served in the organization with 1-5years, some 11-15years and so on.

(UNTH JOURNALS 19950).It is taken that this group that have serve more than other are the ones that actually known much about the organization and current information as regards the organization with their wealth of exposure and experience.

3.       QUALIFICATION:      According to the records we also understand that wages are commensurate to qualification and experience. Over 80% of medical person agreed that present wages is commensurate to their qualification and experience while about 20% remained indifferent saying that all of them are graduates and are suppose to paid the same amount (UNTH JOURNAL 1999)                                                                     

1.4            THE IMPRTANCE OF STUDYING THE AREA

This research study into the difference in wages and salary structure in Nigeria economy. a case study of UNTH (Health sector) has one of its important and that providing valuable knowledge to workers in general and UNTH staff in particular the volume of economy activities as well as the standard of living for the Nigeria working class citizen.

Other benefit that will be derived from this project work are:

1.       To eliminate inequities within UNTH wage structure and also to maintain an equitable labour cost structure which invariable will help to facilitate Nigeria economic development.

2.       Since the impact of wages and salaries review effect the whole national generally this project will also help recommending for parity in the Nigeria institutional system applicable to the whole public sector.

3.       Also this work will help to balance pay with the various prices increase and reduce the frequently of salary review which negates stability and unifies salary structure.  

 1.5            DIFINITION OF IMPORTATION TERMS

Paramedical (personnel-having the status or function auxiliary to that of medical personnel e.g Nurses, Pharmacists, etc.

 REFERENCE

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Wiley Inter Science, 1982  

Yusuf .F.M (1982) The Dynamic of Industrial Relation of P.24 and 27

Pearson R. (1986) Graduate Supply and Availability to 1987 and Beyond

Institute of Manpower Studies Reports.

Griffiths. R (1985) Whole Business Institute of Economic Affairs

Murray H. (1965) Whole Business Institute of Economic Affairs.

Institute of Personnel (1984) Continuous Development People and work the Imp Code