Project Abstract

Abstract
Staff motivation is a critical factor that significantly influences organizational productivity. This research project aims to explore the various aspects of staff motivation and its impact on organizational productivity. The study will investigate different motivational theories such as Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs, Herzberg's Two-Factor Theory, and Expectancy Theory to understand the factors that drive employees to perform better in the workplace. The research will employ a mixed-method approach, combining quantitative surveys and qualitative interviews to gather data from employees at various organizational levels. The surveys will assess the level of motivation among staff members, while the interviews will provide insights into the specific motivational factors that drive employees in their roles. The findings of this research project are expected to shed light on the importance of staff motivation in enhancing organizational productivity. By understanding what motivates employees, organizations can tailor their strategies to create a more engaging and rewarding work environment. This, in turn, can lead to higher levels of job satisfaction, increased employee morale, and improved overall performance. Furthermore, the research will explore the role of leadership in fostering a motivational work culture. Effective leadership plays a crucial role in inspiring and empowering employees to reach their full potential. By examining the relationship between leadership styles and staff motivation, this study aims to provide practical insights for managers and organizational leaders on how to effectively motivate their teams. Overall, this research project seeks to contribute to the existing body of knowledge on staff motivation and organizational productivity. By identifying the key factors that drive employee motivation and exploring their impact on overall performance, this study aims to provide valuable insights for organizations looking to enhance their productivity and maintain a motivated workforce.

Project Overview

1.0    INTRODUCTION   
Motivation is the inner state that causes an individual to behave in a way that ensures the accomplishment of some goal. Or it can be defined as the state that directs the individuals towards the goal of satisfying felted need. The individual is moved to take action to reduce a state of tension and return to a condition of equilibrium.

Motivation of staff and its impact on the organization productivity is the subject matter of this projects with a cases study of Kaduna refinery and petrochemical company (KRPC).

Since productivity is a result of employees behaviour, influencing this behaviour is a manager’s key to increasing productivity.

In the new generation organization like (KRPC) high level of productivity and efficiency is their watchword in a competitive environment. It is a well known fact, that no organization can succeed without hardworking and committed employees. That’s why employer’s tend to put more effort in motivating employees through motivation factors in order to get work done in the right manner, in order to achieve higher productivity and when this is done, the organization will definitely attain its desired objectives and goals.

But some managers knowing the significance and important of motivation, do deliberately refuse to motivate their subordinate.              

Top management must take into account of individual behaviour when planning organizational structure and procedure, and applying management styles and theories to meet career development of employees, staff development programmes becomes imperative as motivational factors.

This is very sensitive issue, because the degree of productivity of any organization depends to a large extent on how the morale of the employees are boosted through motivational factors which will in turn lead to employees higher productivity.

Motivation is one of the simplest, yet most complex management jobs, it seems simple because people tend to be basically motivated to behave in away that they feel leads to reward, therefore one of the determinant of behaviours is motivation.

BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY
REFINERY AND PETROCHEMICAL COMPANY KADUNA
The decision to establish Kaduna Refinery and Petrochemical company (KRPC) was taken in 1974 along with that of Warri refinery. However, it was decided that work would commence on the construction of refinery whenever the projection of consumption of petrochemical product justified it.

By early 1975, in view of the fuel shortage experienced,, the federal government decided that work on the third refinery should be advanced. It was envisaged that the refinery was to be a simple hydro skimming type refinery in order to meet up with the fuel demand.

Based on the feasibility studies carried out which took into consideration the consumption of various petroleum products within the northern zone, and adequate means of disposal for surplus product. A cru0de oil capacity of (42,000) forty two thousand barrel per stream day (BPSD) could be early justified.

It was much later that the federal government decided that the capacity for any refinery in Nigeria should not be below 100,000 (BPSD) .
However, this would have led to the production of large quantity of heavy ends and on one practical and viable solution is reprocessing the heavy fuel oils. In order to do this the whole project plan had to be modified so that what initially was planned to be a simple hydro skimming type refinery developed into integrated refinery. The refinery would now be able to produce a wider variety of petroleum Oleum products, some of which should be lubricating base oil. Hence it becomes necessary to import suitable paraffin base crude oil from Venezuela, Kuwait or Saudi Arabia.

Product from the refinery are to include fuels using such as liquidified petroleum Gas (LPG) petroleum motor spirit (PMS) automotive Gas oil (AGO) dual purpose keri (DPK) and supluric and those from the lubricating oil complex are basic oils Asphalt and waxes.
The lubricating oils complex, Kaduna Refinery is the   first to its kind in West Africa and one of the largest in Africa. The consulting from king Wilkinson of Hague Holland, in conjunction with NNPC engineers developed the plan for the refinery. The contract for contribution was awarded to CHUODA CHEMICAL ENGINEERING AND CONSTRUCTION company of TOKOHAMA JAPAN IN 1977. The project completed and commissioned in 1980. However the lubes plant and petrochemical plant were commission in 1983 respectively operation and maintenance carried out by Nigeria staff and expatriate personnel as technical back up in 1985. Nigeria staff had virtually taken overall the maintenance and operations.

STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM
The project is based on the understanding hat there are many problems as regards to motivation in (KRPC) Kaduna Refinery and Petrochemical company some of this problem hinders which resulted to poor or low productivity, inefficiency, laxity and ineffectiveness.

Motivation is therefore a universal problems that affect employee higher productivity of all cadre in an organization for instance, in a modern organization, employees usually take appointment with the believe that salaries and other fringe benefits would commensurate with the job each is expected to do. And if these benefit do not commensurate with the job, the morale of the employees (most especially the lower level employees which constitute the largest numbers of workforce in the organization) will be low which will lead to low productivity and performance.

Motivation is also seen with the problem or being very expensive to motivate employees in an organization, because the management of the organization have to increase employees pay package providing health facilities, accommodation and other incentives. Therefore, it has been a problem for the organization to motivate their employees for higher productivity.

OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDY
i.     The major objectives of this study is to critically examine the nature and types of motivations given to the staff of Kaduna refinery and petrochemical company (KRPC)
ii.     To identify the problem of motivation in the organization.

STATEMENT OF HYPOTHESIS
A hypothesis is a tentative statement linking two or more variable in a correlation to establish a relationship that, further subjection to test will confirm such relationship as either positive or negative. The following are the two hypothesis that are to be tested.

                 
Ho: Motivation of staff does not have any significance impact on the organizational productivity.  

Hi: Motivation of staff has significance impact on the organizational productivity.          

The significance of the study of motivation is that it will help to determine how motivational factors stimulate employees to higher productivity and its relevance to both the employees and the organization. So that people will be attracted to join and stay within the organization

The study will also help the modern organization in identifying and solving some employees related problems responsible for the low morale and poor attitude towards work, since motivating have important bearing to employees attitude to work and their morale.

The significance of this study also is that, it will attempt to answer organization question of “what induce employees to action” “how is the employees performance energized and how is it directed” and it will offer the organization some motivational factors which help in stimulating employees to higher productivity and efficiency.
It will further help to assess the role of “motivation” as a tool or a means of enhancing organizational productivity.

SCOPE OF THE STUDY
The scope of this research focus on the human resource department of Kaduna Refinery and Petrochemical Company (KRPC) Kaduna and to see how motivation of staff will affect organization. Productivity. My choice on Kaduna. Refinery and petrochemical company (KRPC) is because of the vast experience in the field of operation. Looking at the size of the organization, very big and always very busy for any effective research to be conducted. And I believed that they are capable of furnishing me with the required necessary information needed for carrying out this research work.

 

LIMITATION OF THE STUDY
In the light of this research, researcher encountered some problem when carrying out the research. Some of these constraints are encountered are as follows:

 

HISTORICAL BACKGROUND OF KRPC
Crude oil extraction began in Nigeria as far back as 1908 when a German company started in the Araromi area of the present Ondo State by 1971 i.e a year after the Nigerian civil war, had become very important in the country’s economy. To strengthen and to establish government control. NNDC was established to a decree in (1971) as an integrated oil company i.e. to explore, produce, transport, process, refine, distribute and market crude petroleum and its refined products.

It is also establish to carryout government policies and to ensure government’s effective participation in the oil industry.

As an integrated oil company, it was also, that year, that Nigeria joined the Organization Of Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC). It was not until 1st April 1977 that a merger between the Nigeria and National Oil Company and the Federal Ministry of Petroleum Resources came into being to form the NNPC by decree 9.

The Nigeria National Corporation (NNPC) was then divided into sector according to its operation namely Refinery Sectors, Petrochemical sector, Oil and Gas sector, Exploration and Exploitation division Petroleum product and marketing sectors.

The third Nigerian National Corporation (NNPC) Refinery in Kaduna along kilometer 16 Kachia road is one of the   four refinery in the country, was put into commercial operation at the beginning of the second quarters of 1980 (4th April 1980) this has taken up the northern region to supply petroleum product in the northern part of the country.

The Kaduna refinery can process two types of crude oil. The Nigeria light crude oil and the imported crude oil which is mainly for the production of lubricating oil, Wax and Asphalt. The refinery also has two processing sectors namely.