<p>&nbsp;              <b>TABLE OF CONTENTS </b>Title................................................................................................................................ i&nbsp;</p><p>Declaration.................................................................................................................... ii&nbsp;</p><p>Dedication.................................................................................................................... iii&nbsp;</p><p>Abstract........................................................................................................................ iv&nbsp;</p><p>Acknowledgements........................................................................................................v&nbsp;</p><p>Table of contents.......................................................................................................... vi&nbsp;</p><p>List of Tables ............................................................................................................... ix&nbsp;</p><p>List of Figures.............................................................................................................. xi&nbsp;</p><p>Acronyms and Abbreviations ..................................................................................... xii&nbsp;</p><p>&nbsp;

Chapter ONE

:INTRODUCTION...............................................................1&nbsp;</p><p>1.1 Background of the study......................................................................................1&nbsp;</p><p>1.2 Statement of the problem ....................................................................................7&nbsp;</p><p>1.3 Purpose of the study ............................................................................................7&nbsp;</p><p>1.4 Objectives of the study........................................................................................8&nbsp;</p><p>1.5 Research questions ..............................................................................................8&nbsp;</p><p>1.6 Significance of the study .....................................................................................9&nbsp;</p><p>1.7 Limitations of the study.......................................................................................9&nbsp;</p><p>1.8 Delimitations of the study ...................................................................................9&nbsp;</p><p>1.9 Research assumptions........................................................................................10&nbsp;</p><p>1.10 Definition of operational terms .........................................................................10&nbsp;</p><p>&nbsp;

Chapter TWO

:LITERATURE REVIEW.............................................................11&nbsp;</p><p>2.0 Introduction.......................................................................................................11&nbsp;</p><p>2.1 An overview of pupils’ performance.................................................................11&nbsp;</p><p>2.2 Effect of teaching and learning resources on KCPE performance ....................12&nbsp;</p><p>2.3 Effects of social factors on pupils performance.................................................14&nbsp;</p><p>2.4 Effects of cultural factors on pupils performance..............................................17&nbsp;</p><p>2.5 Theoretical framework.......................................................................................19&nbsp;</p><p>2.6 Conceptual framework.......................................................................................21&nbsp;</p><p>2.7 Summary of literature review ...........................................................................22&nbsp;</p><p>

Chapter THREE

: RESEARCH METHODOLOGY ..............................23&nbsp;</p><p>3.0 Introduction........................................................................................................23&nbsp;</p><p>3.1 Study design ......................................................................................................23&nbsp;</p><p>3.2 Target population ..............................................................................................23&nbsp;</p><p>3.3 Sample size and sampling procedure ................................................................24&nbsp;</p><p>&nbsp;3.4.1 Questionnaires..........................................................................................25&nbsp;</p><p>&nbsp;3.4.2 Document analysis...................................................................................26&nbsp;</p><p>3.5 Pilot study .........................................................................................................26&nbsp;</p><p>3.5.1 Instrument reliability...........................................................................................27&nbsp;</p><p>3.5.2 Instrument validity..............................................................................................28&nbsp;</p><p>3.6 Data collection procedure..................................................................................28&nbsp;</p><p>3.7 Data analysis technique.....................................................................................28&nbsp;</p><p>3.8 Ethical consideration .........................................................................................29&nbsp;</p><p>&nbsp;

Chapter FOUR

:DATA ANALYSIS, INTERPRETATION, PRESENTATION AND DISCUSSION......................................................................................................30&nbsp;</p><p>4.0 Introduction.......................................................................................................30&nbsp;</p><p>4.1 Questionnaire return rate...................................................................................30&nbsp;</p><p>4.2 Demographic information .................................................................................31&nbsp;</p><p>4.3 Effects of teaching and learning resources on performance in K.C.P.E. ..........36</p><p>&nbsp;4.5 Effects of social factors on pupils’ KCPE performance....................................44&nbsp;</p><p>4.6 Strategies for improving performance in K.C.P.E. ...........................................49&nbsp;</p><p>&nbsp;

Chapter FIVE

: SUMMARY, CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS.........................................................................................52&nbsp;</p><p>5.1 Summary of the study........................................................................................52&nbsp;</p><p>5.2 Summary of the major findings.........................................................................52&nbsp;</p><p>5.3 Conclusion.........................................................................................................54&nbsp;</p><p>5.4 Recommendations .............................................................................................55&nbsp;</p><p>5.5 Suggestions for further study ............................................................................56 <br></p><p> REFERENCES...........................................................................................................57</p><p>&nbsp;APPENDICES............................................................................................................60&nbsp;</p><p>Appendix A:Head Teacher’s Questionnaire ................................................................60</p><p>&nbsp;Appendix B:Teacher’s Questionnaire..........................................................................63&nbsp;</p><p>Appendix C: Pupils Questionnaire...............................................................................67&nbsp;</p><p>Appendix D:Sampled Schools in Emgwen Division...................................................70&nbsp;</p><p>Appendix E. Research authorization............................................................................71&nbsp;</p><p>Appendix F:Research permit .......................................................................................72 <br></p>