Project Abstract

Abstract
Capital markets play a crucial role in the economy by facilitating the flow of funds from investors to businesses and governments. This research delves into the nature and significance of capital markets, exploring their functions, participants, instruments, and regulatory framework. Capital markets are where long-term securities such as stocks and bonds are bought and sold, providing companies with a means to raise capital for expansion and growth. The significance of capital markets lies in their ability to allocate resources efficiently, pricing assets based on supply and demand. Investors participate in capital markets to earn returns on their investments, while companies utilize these markets to raise capital at competitive rates. Capital markets also offer diversification opportunities, allowing investors to spread risk across different asset classes. Participants in capital markets include individual investors, institutional investors, corporations, and governments, each with varying objectives and risk tolerances. The instruments traded in capital markets range from equity shares to debt securities, providing a spectrum of investment options for different types of investors. Regulatory bodies oversee capital markets to ensure transparency, fairness, and investor protection, establishing rules and standards for market participants to adhere to. Overall, capital markets serve as a vital component of the financial system, connecting savers and investors to promote economic growth and development. By enabling efficient capital allocation, capital markets contribute to innovation, job creation, and wealth generation. Understanding the nature and significance of capital markets is essential for policymakers, investors, and businesses to make informed decisions and navigate the complexities of the financial landscape. In conclusion, capital markets are dynamic and essential mechanisms that drive economic activity and play a critical role in shaping the financial ecosystem.

Project Overview

INTRODUCTION

1.1 BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY

A capital market is a complex institution comprising of regulators, facilitators, issuers and investors. It is the mechanism through which long term funds for households, firms and government are polled and made available to various sectors of the economy, including transfer of instrument already outstanding. The capital market on the other hand, deals with long term financial claims and obligations. It provides the necessary facilities for users and supplier of capital (Longterm) funds to interact for their mutual benefit. Hence most financial activities which are necessary in the investment process are consummated in that market. Capital market instruments have long-term maturity. Some like equity stock have indefinite maturity dates. In general, all financial transactions which involve maturity periods of over three years could be presumed to belong to the capital market it also has no confined place for its operation however, parts of the market are concentrated in certain well-known centers. Participants in the market are businessmen, government at all levels, financial intermediaries and private investors. In this market buyers are more specific about their requirements.

1.2  STATEMENT OF PROBLEM

Capital market is a market that deals with long term funds and procedure for financing long-term investments. it is also a market where by small business cannot benefit because of its high interest rate.

I want to investigate on some of the problems that hinders the promotion of capital market in Nigeria, also the corrective measure which could be used in solving these problems.

Some of the problems the researcher intends to research are:

a.  Dearth in securities

b.  Lack of adequate publicity

c.  Retention attitude

d.  Low savings

e.  Lack of interest in securities

Some of the corrective measures that could be adapted to resolve the problem are:

a.  Education on the important of buying

b.  Government helping to increase the standard of living in Nigeria.

c.  High interest rate should be implemented

d. Establishment of more quoted companies that will participate is selling of securities

1.3  OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDY

The main aim of the study is to find out how capital market institutions can detect and control some of these problems in issuing of securities to the public for the improvement of capital market in Nigeria.

Some objective of this study are:

1. To draw a clear picture of the nature capital market, its significance to economic growth and development of the economics.

2. To know the causes of these problems facing them.

3. To identify the implication of these problems in our economic.

4. To profer the possible solution to the problem.

1.4   SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY

The study will be immensely beneficiary to the institution under study. The findings of the research work together with its conclusion and recommendation will be of importance in the regard to future researchers. It is also hoped that it will serve as a basis for further academic adventures.

The relief of these problems should improve capital market in our country.

These will also increase move surplus funds in economic development.

These will attract foreign capital inflows in Nigeria.