<p>1. Introduction<br> 1.1 Background<br> 1.2 Objectives<br> 1.3 Scope of the Study<br><br>2. Food Processing Techniques<br> 2.1 Thermal Processing<br> 2.1.1 Pasteurization<br> 2.1.2 Sterilization<br> 2.1.3 Canning<br> 2.2 Freezing<br> 2.2.1 Principles of Freezing<br> 2.2.2 Freezing Methods<br> 2.3 Drying<br> 2.3.1 Types of Drying Methods<br> 2.3.2 Dehydration Techniques<br> 2.4 Fermentation<br> 2.4.1 Microorganisms Involved in Fermentation<br> 2.4.2 Fermentation Processes<br> 2.5 Packaging<br> 2.5.1 Packaging Materials<br> 2.5.2 Packaging Techniques<br><br>3. Impact of Food Processing<br> 3.1 Nutritional Changes<br> 3.1.1 Effects of Processing on Nutrient Content<br> 3.1.2 Nutritional Losses and Retention<br> 3.2 Sensory Attributes<br> 3.2.1 Texture, Flavor, and Color Changes<br> 3.2.2 Consumer Acceptability<br> 3.3 Microbial Safety<br> 3.3.1 Microbial Inactivation Methods<br> 3.3.2 Foodborne Pathogens and Spoilage Microorganisms<br><br>4. Importance of Food Processing and Preservation<br> 4.1 Reducing Post-Harvest Losses<br> 4.2 Improving Food Security<br> 4.3 Meeting Consumer Demands<br> 4.4 Enhancing Shelf Life and Distribution<br><br>5. Challenges and Future Directions<br> 5.1 Quality and Safety Concerns<br> 5.2 Technological Advancements<br> 5.3 Sustainability and Environmental Impact<br><br>6. Conclusion<br></p>
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