Thesis Abstract

The presence of heavy-metals in Rubicon, nature fresh, chivita and fumman premium juice were analyzed using NO3 and HNO3, were study Invo-Vitro in the laboratory using atomic absorption spectrophotometer techniques. The results from the study showed Rubicon contained 0.064mg/kg for cadmium 0.005mg/kg for Tin, 0.082mg/kg for lead and 0.023mg/kg for Arsenic. Nature fresh contained 0.049mg/kg in Cd,<0.001mg/kg in Sn; 0.105mg/kg in Pb and 0.009mg/kg in as. Chivita premium contained 0.036mg/kg in Cd, 0.005mg/kg in Sn, 0.068mg/kg in Pb and 0.018mg/kg in as. It was observed that the highest contaminant was Lead (Pb) in nature fresh (Apple juice) and the least contaminant was Tin (Sn) in nature fresh (Apple juice). To be on a healthy side, apple fruit juice should not be consumed readily to decrease dietary intake of lead and other poisonous metals.

Thesis Overview

Title           –       –       –       –       –       –       –       –       –       i

Certification         –       –       –       –       –       –       –       –       ii

Dedication –       –       –       –       –       –       –       –       –       iii

Acknowledgment –       –       –       –       –       –       –       –       iv

Abstract               –       –       –       –       –       –       –       –       vi

Table of Content   –       –       –       –       –       –       –       –       vii

Lists of Table       –       –       –       –       –       –       –       –       ix

CHAPTER ONE

1.1     Introduction         –       –       –       –       –       –       –       1

1.2     Elements Found in Fruit Poisoning   –       –       –       –       2

1.3     Arsenic as the most Toxic Element   –       –       –       –       3

1.4     Appearance           –       –       –       –       –       –       –       5

1.5     Effect of Arsenic, Cadmium, Lead

and Tin Poisoning                   –       –       –       –       –       –       7

1.6     Reasons for Unsafe Fruit Juices       –       –       –       –       8

1.7     Packaging for Safe Fruit Juices         –       –       –       –       8

1.8     The Acceptable Standard for Fruit Juice     –       –       –       8

1.9     Healthy Prevention of Fruit Juice Poisoning         –       –       9

1.10   Aim and Objective of the Study                   –       –       –       9      

CHAPTER TWO

2.0     Review of Related Literatures   –       –       –       –       –       10

CHAPTER THREE

3.1     Materials and Methods   –       –       –       –       –       –       17

3.2     Reagents Used     –       –       –       –       –       –       –       17

3.3     Equipment Used   –       –       –       –       –       –       –       17

3.4     Material Collection         –       –       –       –       –       –       18

3.5     Digestion of Fruit Juice –       –       –       –       –       –       18

3.6     Method of Preparation   –       –       –       –       –       –       19

3.7     Quality control     –       –       –       –       –       –       –       20

CHAPTER FOUR

4.1     Result         –       –       –       –       –       –       –       –       21

4.2     Discussion –       –       –       –       –       –       –       –       22

CHAPTER FIVE

5.1     Conclusion –       –       –       –       –       –       –       –       24

5.2     Recommendation –       –       –       –       –       –       –       24

5.3     References   –       –       –       –       –       –       –       –     &n