Thesis Abstract

Abstract
This research project focuses on the design and construction of an intelligent 250 volts battery charger with a microprocessor using a seven-segment display. The objective of this project is to develop a smart battery charger that can efficiently charge 250 volts batteries while providing real-time information on the charging process through the seven-segment display. The proposed battery charger system integrates a microprocessor to monitor and control the charging process effectively. The microprocessor is programmed to regulate the charging voltage and current based on the battery's requirements, ensuring optimal charging without overcharging or undercharging the battery. This intelligent charging system enhances battery life and performance by providing the precise amount of power needed for charging. The use of a seven-segment display in the battery charger allows users to monitor the charging progress easily. The display shows relevant information such as the current voltage, charging status, and any error messages, providing users with real-time feedback on the charging process. This feature enhances user experience and ensures safe and efficient operation of the battery charger. The construction of the intelligent battery charger involves designing the circuitry for voltage regulation, current control, and microprocessor integration. The charger is equipped with safety features to prevent overheating, short circuits, and overloading, ensuring the protection of both the battery and the charger system. The implementation of the intelligent battery charger with a microprocessor and seven-segment display offers numerous advantages, including improved charging efficiency, user-friendly operation, and enhanced safety features. The system's intelligent control capabilities enable precise charging parameters to be set for different types of 250 volts batteries, making it a versatile and reliable charging solution. In conclusion, the design and construction of an intelligent 250 volts battery charger with a microprocessor using a seven-segment display present a significant advancement in battery charging technology. This smart charging system offers efficient and safe charging for 250 volts batteries while providing users with real-time monitoring and control capabilities through the integrated microprocessor and display.

Thesis Overview

INTRODUCTION

WHAT IS A BATTERY CHARGER: A battery charger is a device used to put energy into a secondary cell or rechargeable battery. By forcing on electric current through it.

The charge current depends upon the technology and capacity of the battery being charged. For example, the current that should be applied to recharge a 12v car battery will be very different from the current for a mobile phone battery.

WHAT IS AN INTELLIGENT BATTERY CHARGER: This is a battery charger whose output current depends upon the battery’s state. An intelligent charger may monitor the battery’s voltage, temperature and/ or time under charge to determine the optimum charge current at that instant. Charging is terminated when a combination of the voltage, temperature and/or time indicates that the battery is fully charged.

OTHER TYPE OF BATTERY CHARGERS

1.   SIMPLE BATTERY CHARGER: A simple charger works by connecting a constant dc power source to the battery being charged. A simple charger does not alter its output based on time or the charge on the battery. This simplicity means that a simple charger is inexpensive but there is a trade off in quality.

2.   TRICKLE BATTERY CHARGER:  A trickle charger is a kind of simple charger that charges the battery slowly, at the self-discharge rate. A trickle charger is the slowest kind of battery charger.

3.   TIMER-BASED BATTERY CHARGER: The output of timer charger is terminated after a predetermined time. Timer chargers were the most common type for high-capacity Ni-Cd cells in the late 1990s

4.   FAST BATTERY CHARGER: fast chargers make use of control circuitry in the batteries being charged to rapidly charge the batteries without damaging the cells element. Most such chargers have a cooling fan to help keep the temperature of the cells under control.

5.   PULSE BATTERY CHARGER: some charger use pulse technology in       which a pulse is fed to the battery. This DC pulse has a strictly controlled rise time, pulse width, pulse repetitive rate (frequency) and amplitude. This technology is used to work with any size, voltage, capacity or chemistry of batteries including automotive and valve-regulated batteries. .

6.   INDUCTIVE BATTERY CHARGER: Inductive battery chargers use electromagnetic induction to charge batteries. A charging station sends electromagnetic energy through inductive coupling to an electrical device which stores the energy in the batteries

7.      USB-BASED BATTERY CHARGER: Since the universal serial bus specification provides for a five-volt power supply, it is possible to use a USB cable as a power source for recharging batteries.