Thesis Abstract

Abstract
Entrepreneurship education is recognized as a crucial aspect of empowering individuals to start and manage successful businesses. In the context of home and rural economics education, the challenges faced in promoting entrepreneurship are multifaceted. This research focuses on understanding the specific obstacles that hinder effective entrepreneurship education in home and rural economics settings. One significant challenge is the lack of access to resources and infrastructure in rural areas. Limited availability of financial support, technological tools, and market access inhibits aspiring entrepreneurs from developing their business ideas. Additionally, the absence of entrepreneurial role models and mentorship further compounds the difficulties faced by individuals in rural and home economics settings. Another key obstacle is the prevailing mindset towards traditional career paths. In many rural communities, there is a strong emphasis on conventional employment opportunities in agriculture or manual labor. This mindset often discourages individuals from exploring entrepreneurship as a viable alternative, leading to a reluctance to take entrepreneurial risks and innovate. Moreover, the existing curriculum in home and rural economics education may not adequately cover entrepreneurship topics. The traditional focus on practical skills such as cooking, sewing, and budgeting may not provide students with the necessary knowledge and skills to pursue entrepreneurial ventures. There is a need to revise the curriculum to include modules on business planning, marketing, financial management, and other essential aspects of entrepreneurship. Social and cultural factors also play a significant role in shaping attitudes towards entrepreneurship in home and rural economics education. Gender norms, family expectations, and community perceptions can influence individuals' decisions to pursue entrepreneurial endeavors. Overcoming these ingrained beliefs and societal barriers is essential to fostering an entrepreneurial mindset among students in home and rural economics programs. In conclusion, addressing the challenges of entrepreneurship in home and rural economics education requires a comprehensive approach that encompasses access to resources, curriculum enhancements, mentorship programs, and a shift in societal attitudes. By understanding and tackling these obstacles, educators and policymakers can create a more conducive environment for promoting entrepreneurship in home and rural economics settings, empowering individuals to pursue their business aspirations and contribute to economic development in their communities.

Thesis Overview

INTRODUCTION

BACKGROUND OF STUDY

        Nigeria as a developing nation has been faced with a lot of problems, such as inadequate healthcare, poverty, illiteracy, unemployment, poor infrastructure and over reliance on oil, crime, corruption, poor macro- economic management, political instability etc.

        These are undoubtedly a challenge to the educational system. National Diploma (ND) programme, which are offered in tertiary level of education in the country, are designed among other goals to;

a.           Produce highly motivated, conscientious and efficient class room teachers for all levels of the Nigeria educational system.

b.         Provide graduates with the intellectual and professional background adequate for their assignment, and make them adaptable to changing situations (F.R.N, 1998). Thus the ND programme ought to help students to achieve knowledge and skills needed to function at maximum ability in a constantly changing world.

Home and Rural Economics offered education is one of the ND programme offered, most often a part of Vocational and Technical Education. Home and Rural Economies bring together knowledge and skills from different disciplines within the pure, applied and behavioural sciences, arts and agriculture to bear upon the family and its environment.

Home and Rural Economic Education graduates are expected to be prepared not only for teaching, but for adaptable employment situations of which self-employment is inclusive. Interestingly, one solution to unemployment is the generation of self-employment (United Nations Educational Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNE-SCO, 1997). Self-employment how ever requires that individuals possesses among other things entrepreneurial knowledge, attitude and skills. This requires entrepreneurship education.

Fortunately, the federal government of Nigeria has recognized that entrepreneurship plays a crucial role in the innovations that leads to technological charges and productivity growth. Hence, very recently, the National Universities Commission (NUC) and the National Diploma (ND) respectively, in the Draft, Benchmark and Minimum Academic Standard recommended four (4) credit units of entrepreneurship studies for school of Applied Science, where Home and Rural Economics is based. This is a welcome development and has far reading implications for both students and teachers in Home and Rural Economics.

However, Lemeh and Anyakoha (2006) emphasized that for the goal of including the entrepreneurship courses in the ND Home and Rural Economics programme to be attained, strategies for the effective integration of the course must necessarily be determined.

Entrepreneurship has therefore become a vital issue in national development. Home and Rural Economics can become entrepreneurs because they are supposed to have the basic knowledge and skills required for specific jobs or occupations.

However, mastery of craft or processing techniques or even infusion of addition: 1 capital is not enough to ensure survivals of an enterprise (Ikemefuna, 1991).

The importance of finding challenges of entrepreneurship in Home and Rural Economics cannot be over emphasized.

STATEMENT OF PROBLEMS

It is quite unfortunate that majority of Home and Rural Economics graduates can no longer be self-employed because they are not exposed to entrepreneurship.

        It was certain that many Home and Rural Economics graduates were afraid of establishing their own business, the reason is that, they are lacking entrepreneurship skills.

        A study conducted on higher education and work with particular reference to Home and Rural Economics (Odo, 1998) showed that 26.6 percent of undergraduates were interested in being self-employed. The data obtained from graduates of Home and Rural Economics showed that only 13 percent had set up their own businesses after graduation. However, current employment data shows only 6.6 percent to be self-employed, suggesting that some of these businesses may have folded up. These findings may suggest that there could be challenges for Home and Rural Economics Entrepreneur.

        The greatest challenges of Home and Rural Economics is to determined those issues that pose various forms of challenges and threats to individuals, families and society at large and then address than most appropriately (Anyakoha, 2002).

PURPOSE OF THE STUDY

To find-out challenges of entrepreneurship in Home and Rural Economics Education.

Therefore the objectives will be to;

1.         Explain the concept of entrepreneurship

2.         Identify characteristics of an entrepreneurship

3.         Show the place of entrepreneurship in Home and Rural Economics.

4.         Identify the challenges of entrepreneurship in Home and Rural Economics.

5.         Offer recommendations for enhancing entrepreneurship to in Home and Rural Economics.

SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY                      

        The significance if this study will be of great achievement to the Home and Rural Economics students in tertiary institution in Anambra State. If they can be able to know how to be self-employed by acquiring entrepreneurial skills so that some problems such as corruption, poverty, unemployment etc will be reduced in our society.

RESEARCH QUESTIONS

1.         What are the concepts of entrepreneurship?

2.         What are the characteristics of entrepreneurship?

3.         What are the places of entrepreneurship in Home and Rural Economics?

4.         What are the challenges of entrepreneurship in Home and Rural Economics?

5.         What are the recommendations for enhancing entrepreneurship in Home and Rural Economics?

SCOPE AND LIMITATIONS OF THE STUDY            

It is quite impossible to sample all the Home and Rural Economics graduates in tertiary institutions in Anambra State within the period of time. It was however possible to obtain representative random sample of the Home and Rural Economics graduates in tertiary institutions in Anambra State.

        The following limitations were encountered by researchers in the course of this study. Lack of finance was a big problems to the researcher in terms of the students were another problem in spite of several efforts made to some students, they skill felt uncooperative in responding to the questions some of them collected the question and did not return them to the researchers.