Thesis Abstract

Abstract
This research project conducts a comparative analysis of the independence constitution of Nigeria, established in 1960, and the post-independence constitutions that followed. The study aims to examine the evolution of constitutional development in Nigeria and assess the impact of historical and political contexts on the provisions and structures of these constitutions. By comparing the key features, provisions, and amendments of the independence constitution with those of the subsequent constitutions, this research seeks to highlight the changes, continuities, and trends in Nigerian constitutional history. The analysis begins by delving into the historical background of Nigeria's independence constitution, exploring the influences of colonial rule and nationalist movements on its formation. It then moves on to scrutinize the content and structure of the independence constitution, focusing on significant aspects such as the distribution of powers, fundamental rights, and the electoral system. Subsequently, the study transitions to the examination of post-independence constitutions, including the 1963 Republican Constitution, the 1979 Constitution, the 1999 Constitution, and subsequent amendments. Through a comparative lens, this research evaluates how each constitution addressed issues of federalism, ethnicity, resource allocation, human rights, and governance structures. It identifies the continuities in constitutional principles across different eras and highlights the changes and innovations introduced in response to political developments and societal challenges. Furthermore, the study investigates the processes of constitutional amendments and the mechanisms for resolving constitutional disputes in Nigeria. The comparative analysis also sheds light on the strengths and weaknesses of each constitution in promoting democratic governance, upholding the rule of law, and fostering national unity. By examining the historical contexts and political dynamics surrounding the enactment of these constitutions, the research offers insights into the evolving nature of constitutionalism in Nigeria and its implications for the country's democratic consolidation and governance effectiveness. In conclusion, this research project contributes to the scholarly understanding of Nigerian constitutional history by providing a comprehensive analysis of the independence and post-independence constitutions. It underscores the significance of context, continuity, and change in shaping constitutional developments and offers valuable insights for policymakers, legal scholars, and practitioners seeking to enhance constitutional design and implementation in Nigeria and beyond.

Thesis Overview

INTRODUCTION

The conference which became the last constitutional conference held before the attainment of Independence in 1960, also took place in London from September 29 to October 27, 1958. The resumed constitutional conference of 1958 was the last Nigerian constitutional conference held before the attainment of Independence in 1960. It was convened to consider the report of the Willink’s commission on the minority the conference resolved among other issues, that the Northern part of Nigeria should be self-governing by 1959 and that if a resolution was passed by the parliament asking for independence, in 1960, then her majesty government would propose a bill of independence in 1960. In December, 1959, a nationwide general election was held into the Federal House of Representatives. In the election, no single party won an over all majority as was the case in 1954, while in September, 1960, the parliament has enacted a law on Nigeria’s independence.