Thesis Abstract

Abstract
This research project provides a comparative analysis of the independence constitution of Nigeria, established in 1960, and the post-independence constitutions that followed. The study examines the key provisions, structure, and evolution of these constitutional documents to evaluate how they have shaped the governance and legal framework of Nigeria over time. By comparing the independence constitution with subsequent versions, this research aims to highlight the continuity or changes in constitutional principles and the impact on governance, rule of law, and socio-political development in Nigeria. The research methodology involves a comprehensive review of primary and secondary sources, including legal texts, scholarly articles, historical records, and official documents related to the Nigerian constitutions. The study analyzes the historical context in which each constitution was drafted, the political dynamics influencing their content, and the legal implications of key provisions. By utilizing a comparative approach, this research seeks to identify common themes, divergences, and trends in the constitutional development of Nigeria. The findings of this research reveal significant differences between the independence constitution and subsequent post-independence constitutions in Nigeria. While the independence constitution reflected the aspirations of a newly independent nation and sought to establish a framework for democratic governance, the post-independence constitutions were influenced by changing political climates, military interventions, and socio-economic challenges. These factors led to amendments, abrogation, and restructuring of the constitutional framework, impacting the balance of power, federal-state relations, and the protection of fundamental rights in Nigeria. The comparative analysis of the independence and post-independence constitutions also highlights the evolution of constitutionalism in Nigeria and the challenges of maintaining a stable legal framework amidst political transitions and societal transformations. By examining the continuity or disruptions in constitutional principles, this research contributes to a deeper understanding of the legal and political history of Nigeria and offers insights into the prospects for constitutional reform and nation-building in the future. Overall, this research project provides a critical analysis of the independence and post-independence constitutions in Nigeria, shedding light on the complexities of constitutional development and governance in a diverse and dynamic society.

Thesis Overview

INTRODUCTION

The conference which became the last constitutional conference held before the attainment of Independence in 1960, also took place in London from September 29 to October 27, 1958. The resumed constitutional conference of 1958 was the last Nigerian constitutional conference held before the attainment of Independence in 1960. It was convened to consider the report of the Willink’s commission on the minority the conference resolved among other issues, that the Northern part of Nigeria should be self-governing by 1959 and that if a resolution was passed by the parliament asking for independence, in 1960, then her majesty government would propose a bill of independence in 1960. In December, 1959, a nationwide general election was held into the Federal House of Representatives. In the election, no single party won an over all majority as was the case in 1954, while in September, 1960, the parliament has enacted a law on Nigeria’s independence.