Thesis Abstract

The pre-colonial political system in Hausa-Fulani land is a significant area of study for understanding the traditional governance structures that existed in this region before the colonial era. This research project delves into an analysis of the political system in Hausa-Fulani land, focusing on key aspects such as governance, leadership, administration, and power dynamics. The study employs a historical research methodology, utilizing primary sources such as oral traditions, historical accounts, and archival records to reconstruct and analyze the pre-colonial political system. By examining these sources, the research aims to provide a comprehensive understanding of how political authority was organized and exercised in Hausa-Fulani society before the arrival of colonial powers. One of the central features of the pre-colonial political system in Hausa-Fulani land was the existence of various city-states or emirates, each ruled by a traditional ruler known as the Emir. These Emirs held significant political and administrative power within their respective territories, overseeing local governance, justice administration, and resource management. The research explores the role of the Emirs and other traditional leaders in maintaining social order and resolving conflicts in the absence of a centralized state authority. Furthermore, the study investigates the socio-political structures that supported the pre-colonial political system, such as the council of elders, religious leaders, and warrior class. These institutions played crucial roles in advising the Emirs, upholding customary laws, and defending the community against external threats. By analyzing the functions and interactions of these different social groups, the research sheds light on the complex nature of governance in Hausa-Fulani society. Moreover, the project examines the power dynamics within Hausa-Fulani political institutions, considering factors such as succession practices, conflict resolution mechanisms, and the relationship between rulers and the ruled. By exploring these dynamics, the research aims to uncover the underlying principles that guided political authority and legitimacy in the pre-colonial period. In conclusion, the analysis of the pre-colonial political system in Hausa-Fulani land provides valuable insights into the traditional governance structures and practices that shaped this region's history. By examining the roles of key institutions and actors, this research contributes to a deeper understanding of the political dynamics that existed before the colonial era and their enduring influence on contemporary society.

Thesis Overview

INTRODUCTION

The Hausa land, before 1804, was made up of fourteen towns grouped into two. The first group of seven was called Hausa Bakwai while the other group of seven was balled Banza Bakwai. The Fulani took over the political leadership of the Hausa or Habe states in the early 19th century. The Jihad that preceded this occupation was seen as religious as well as political. Othman Dan Fodio led the Fulani Jihad and took over the political leadership of the Hausa/Habe and established the Sokoto caliphate with outstanding centralized political system of government. He introduced a new system of selecting andppointing rulers described as Emirs to rule the caliphate. Each of the Emirs owed allegiance to Dan Fodio and his two representatives at Sokoto and Gwandu. The Fulanis settled in Hausa land and intermarried with the Hausa people after conquering them and this was how the name Hausa-Fulani came about.