Thesis Abstract

Abstract
The Niger Delta Basin is a region of great geological and economic significance due to its vast hydrocarbon reserves. Understanding the sedimentological and geochemical characteristics of the sediment in this basin is crucial for the exploration and production of oil and gas resources. This research project aims to investigate the sedimentological and geochemical properties of the sediment in the Niger Delta Basin. The study will involve fieldwork to collect sediment samples from various locations within the Niger Delta Basin. Sedimentological analysis will be conducted to determine the grain size distribution, sedimentary structures, and depositional environments of the sediment. Geochemical analysis will involve testing the samples for organic carbon content, total organic carbon, and other geochemical parameters to assess the source, maturity, and quality of the organic matter present in the sediment. The results of this study will provide valuable insights into the depositional history, provenance, and diagenetic processes that have influenced the sediment in the Niger Delta Basin. Understanding the sedimentological and geochemical characteristics of the sediment will help in identifying potential hydrocarbon reservoirs and optimizing exploration and production strategies in the region. Overall, this research project will contribute to the existing knowledge of the sedimentary processes and geochemical evolution of the sediment in the Niger Delta Basin. The findings of this study will have implications for the petroleum industry, environmental management, and geological research in the region. By combining sedimentological and geochemical analyses, this project aims to provide a comprehensive understanding of the sediment in the Niger Delta Basin and its implications for hydrocarbon exploration and production.

Thesis Overview

The mineralogical and chemical composition of clastic sedimentary rocks are controlled by various factors, including (1) the composition of their source rocks, (2) environmental parameters influencing the weathering of source rocks (e.g., atmosphericchemistry, temperature, rainfall and topography), (3) duration of weathering (4)transportation mechanisms of clastic material from source region to depocenters, (5)depositional environment (e.g., marine versus fresh water), and (6) post-depositional processes (e.g., diagenesis, metamorphism) (Hayashi et al., 1997). Numerousinvestigations are substantiating the above aspects pertaining to genesis of both ancient andmodern siliciclastic sediments (e.g., Dickenson et al., 1983; Nesbitt and Young, 1982, 1984; Bhatia, 1983; Roser and Korsch, 1988; McCann, 1991; Condie et al., 1992; Condie, 1993; McLennan et al., 1993; Nesbitt et al., 1996; Cullers, 2000; Hessler and Lowe 2006; Nagarajan et al., 2007; Spalletti et al., 2008). Several studies have also been focused on the identification of palaeotectonic settings of provenances based on geochemical signatures of siliciclastic rocks (e.g., Dickinson and Suczek, 1979; Bhatia, 1983; Bhatia and Crook, 1986; Roser and Korsch 1986; McLennan and Taylor, 1991). Among the terrigenous sedimentary rocks, shales are considered to represent the average crustal composition of the provenance much better than any other siliclastic rocks (e.g., McCulloch and Wasserburg, 1978). Shales retain most of the mineral constituents of the source and their bulk chemistry preserves the near-original signature of the provenance and more faithfully reveal palaeoweathering conditions (e.g., Pettijohn, 1975; Graver and Scott, 1995). The present note examines the geochemistry of sediment from part of the subsurface Niger Delta Basin province, attempts to constrain there paleo redox and tectonic setting and provenance. Owing to limitations of analytical facilities, the present work is based on chemical analyses data of major and select trace elements of the investigated sediment of the study area.

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