Thesis Abstract

Abstract
Estate management practice involves the management of various types of properties such as residential, commercial, and industrial properties. An effective estate management system requires the use of software applications to streamline operations, enhance efficiency, and improve overall service delivery to clients. This research project focuses on designing and implementing user-friendly application software tailored specifically for estate management practice. The software will cover a wide range of functionalities including property listing, client management, financial transactions, maintenance scheduling, and reporting. The application will be designed to be intuitive and easy to navigate, ensuring that estate managers and clients can easily access and utilize the system without extensive training. Additionally, the software will incorporate security features to protect sensitive data and ensure compliance with industry regulations. The design phase of the project will involve gathering requirements from estate management professionals, identifying key functionalities, and creating a user interface that is visually appealing and functional. The implementation phase will focus on developing the software using industry-standard coding practices and testing the application to ensure it meets performance and reliability standards. By implementing this software, estate management companies can benefit from increased productivity, improved client satisfaction, and streamlined operations. The software will enable estate managers to efficiently manage their property portfolios, track financial transactions, schedule maintenance tasks, and generate reports for clients and stakeholders. Clients will also benefit from the software by having easy access to property listings, financial information, and maintenance schedules through a user-friendly interface. Overall, the design and implementation of user application software for estate management practice will have a significant impact on the efficiency and effectiveness of estate management operations. The software will provide a centralized platform for estate managers to streamline their processes, improve communication with clients, and enhance overall service delivery. By leveraging technology to automate routine tasks and provide real-time data access, estate management companies can differentiate themselves in a competitive market and deliver superior value to their clients.

Thesis Overview

INTRODUCTION

 

1.1       Background to the Study

 

The management of urban solid wastes constitutes one of the immediate and serious  environmental problems facing  governments in  African cities  (Baumgartner,

2003).  The  conventional  municipal  solid  waste  management  approach,  based  on collection and disposal, has failed to provide efficient and effective services to all urban residents (Vancini, 2000). The urban environment steadily degrades due to large volumes of waste which are not efficiently managed.  In Nigeria, it is common to find large heaps of garbage and other wastes all over the cities. Abugo (1999) reported that 35% of Ibadan’s household, 33% of Kaduna’s and 44% of Enugu’s do not have access to waste collection and disposal services. Odeyemi and Onibokun (1997) described Lagos as the dirtiest capital in the world. In most parts of the cities, streets are partially or wholly blocked by solid wastes. Similarly, open spaces and market places are littered with solid wastes. In most cases, drains are clogged or totally blocked and many compounds are hemmed in by solid wastes.  However,  this deplorable situation is not peculiar to Nigerian cities.

The concern over solid waste is generated from an aesthetic desire to live in a clean environment and also from the realization that a dirty and cluttered environment is unhealthy and unsafe for the population. This is evident in the incorporation of environmental sanitation as a component of primary health care adopted by the World Health Organization at the Alma Ata Declaration in September, 1978 (WHO, 1978). This was also clearly pointed out at the Istanbul Declaration and the Habitat Agenda for 1988. It was stated that sustainable human settlements depend on the creation of better environment for human health and wellbeing which will improve the living conditions of people and of their lives (United Nations for Human Settlement, 1998).

In spite of the landmark achievements recorded by the developed countries, they are still faced with the potential risks to health and to environment from handling solid and  liquid wastes.

In Nigeria, the problem of solid waste is manifested with its consequent effects on pollution of water, air and land with the hazards to health and other natural resources of social and economic importance (Federal Ministry of Housing and Environment, 1982).

There has been an increasing concern about the serious health implications from waste management in Nigeria. Some priority programmes embarked upon by FEPA include waste management education, awareness and publication of relevant information, commitment of appreciable amount of fund, renewal of equipment/facilities and training of manpower. However, solid waste management is still one of  the most serious challenges facing the country. This research therefore, tried to find out the problems of solid waste management in Nigeria.

1.2   Statement of the Problem

 

When wastes are not collected, in sanitary conditions develop and pose environmental and human health risks. The prevalence of parasites, vectors, tetanus, malaria, hookworm, cholera and diarrhea in most African cities is attributed to the in sanitary conditions in these cities (Agbola,1997 ). Mentel (2006) observed that malaria, diarrhea, intestinal worms and upper respiratory tract infections were among the most common health problems reported at out- patient facilities in the Greater Accra Region of Ghana. In the city of Accra, major health problems are diseases attributed to poor environmental sanitation, which is exacerbated by ignorance and poverty (Vancini,2000). In Tanzania, Pohjola and Tanskanee (1998) reported that poor sanitation, and improper waste disposal practices result in the spread of infectious diseases, which are believed to be the most frequent causes of morbidity and mortality.

Wastes dump into storm drainage channels, creeks, lagoons and other water impoundment points create serious environmental problems which can result into disastrous situations. The loss of lives and property, which occurred due to the 1982, 2010 and 2011 floods in Ibadan, Lagos, Port Harcourt, Aba, Kano, Jigawa and Sokoto were attributed to the accumulation of refuse which blocked drainage channels(Love,2002).

 

The alarming rate at which heaps of solid wastes continue to occupy our cities, coupled with the fact that 87% of Nigerians still  use disposal methods, adjudged to be in sanitary, has not only constituted visual blight and odour nuisance, but also encouraged the breeding of rodents, mosquitoes and other pests of public health importance, which lead  to  disease  outbreaks in  Nigeria(Johnstone,2000). The  ineffectiveness of contemporary municipal solid waste management practices,( which culminates in a number of health and environmental problems), has necessitated the need to evaluation of solid waste management practices among the Health workers and Head of house hold in Nigerian cities.

1.3       Research Questions

 

Specifically, this research attempts, to find answers to the following questions:

 

ï‚·          How adequate are funds provided for solid waste management in Nigeria?

 

ï‚·          How adequate are facilities/equipment provided for solid waste management in

 

Nigeria?

 

ï‚·          How adequate are personnel for solid waste management in Nigeria?

 

ï‚·         How  is  the  existing  policy  on  environmental  issues  affect  solid  waste management in Nigeria?

ï‚·          What  is  the  level of  community participation in  solid waste management in

 

Nigeria?