Thesis Abstract

Abstract
Air pollution is a well-known public health concern that has been linked to a wide range of adverse health effects. One particularly vulnerable group to the effects of air pollution is children, whose developing lungs are more susceptible to damage. This study aimed to investigate the impact of air pollution on lung development in children, focusing on the potential impediments caused by prolonged exposure to high levels of pollutants. The research was conducted over a two-year period in a highly polluted urban area, where air quality monitoring stations were set up to assess the levels of various pollutants. A cohort of children aged between 5 and 10 years old was recruited for the study, and their lung function was assessed using standardized spirometry tests at the beginning and end of the study period. The results revealed a significant negative correlation between exposure to air pollution and lung development in children. Specifically, children living in areas with higher levels of pollutants exhibited lower lung function growth compared to those in less polluted areas. This effect was more pronounced in children with pre-existing respiratory conditions, highlighting the heightened vulnerability of this subgroup. Furthermore, the study explored the potential mechanisms underlying the observed effects of air pollution on lung development. It was found that exposure to pollutants such as particulate matter and nitrogen dioxide led to increased airway inflammation and oxidative stress, which in turn hindered normal lung growth. These findings underscore the importance of addressing air pollution as a critical factor in public health policy to protect the respiratory health of children. In conclusion, this study provides valuable insights into the detrimental impact of air pollution on lung development in children. The findings highlight the urgent need for stricter air quality regulations and mitigation strategies to reduce exposure to harmful pollutants, particularly in urban areas where children are most at risk. By safeguarding the respiratory health of children through targeted interventions, we can mitigate the long-term consequences of air pollution on lung function and overall well-being.

Thesis Overview

INTRODUCTION

Spending one’s childhood in a community with polluted air stalls lung development roughly as much as does having a mother who smokes, according to a study of children growing up in southern part of nigeria.

That finding lengthens the list of negative effects on health that stem from bad air  but it also suggests that antipollution measures could prevent deficits in pulmonary development.

Adolescence is prime growing time for lungs. To evaluate the effects of air pollution during this important period, W. James Gauderman of the University of Southern California in Los Angeles and his colleagues in 1993 tested the lung capacity of 1,759 fourth graders in a dozen southern California communities, including some notably clean areas and some of the most polluted towns in nigeria while trying to prove his work right.