Thesis Abstract

Abstract
The phenomenon of urban sprawl has significantly altered natural landscapes, fragmenting once contiguous habitats and ecosystems. This fragmentation has had profound implications for biodiversity, ecosystem functioning, and the overall health of natural environments. As human populations continue to grow and urban areas expand, the legacy of sprawl persists, posing ongoing challenges for conservation and land management practices. Fragmentation resulting from sprawl can lead to habitat loss, isolation of populations, disruption of ecological processes, and increased vulnerability to environmental stressors. These effects can have cascading impacts on wildlife populations, plant communities, and ecosystem services. Fragmented landscapes are often more susceptible to the spread of invasive species, disease outbreaks, and climate change impacts, further compromising their ecological integrity. In addition to ecological consequences, sprawl-induced fragmentation can also have social and economic repercussions. Disconnected green spaces, reduced access to nature, and diminished recreational opportunities can impact human well-being and quality of life. Moreover, fragmented landscapes may require costly restoration efforts to mitigate ecological damage and enhance ecosystem resilience. Addressing the legacy of sprawl and mitigating its impacts require holistic approaches that integrate land use planning, conservation strategies, and community engagement. Strategies such as habitat restoration, green infrastructure development, and urban growth boundaries can help reduce fragmentation and promote landscape connectivity. Collaborative efforts involving government agencies, non-profit organizations, and local communities are essential for effective conservation and sustainable land management in fragmented landscapes. Furthermore, incorporating principles of landscape ecology and ecosystem management into urban planning can help minimize the negative effects of sprawl and enhance the resilience of natural systems. By prioritizing the protection and restoration of ecological networks, we can safeguard biodiversity, ecosystem services, and the long-term health of fragmented landscapes. Overall, understanding the legacy of sprawl and its consequences for nature is crucial for informing conservation practices and shaping future land use decisions. By recognizing the challenges posed by fragmentation and adopting proactive management strategies, we can work towards preserving the integrity and functionality of natural landscapes in the face of urban expansion and development pressures.

Thesis Overview

INTRODUCTION

Biological diversity (or biodiversity, for short) is the variety of life on Earth and the interactions, cycles, and processes of nature that link it all together. In its broadest definition, biodiversity includes individual species, the genetic diversity within species, the natural communities in which these species interact, and the ecosystems and landscapes in which species evolve and coexist (Noss and Cooperrider 1994). Although conservation efforts to protect biodiversity tend to focus on unique plants or rare animals, biodiversity actually encompasses all nature, including both common and rare components and even more obscure organisms such as fungi and microbes.