Thesis Abstract

Abstract
This project focuses on the design and construction of a 25amps single-phase automatic changeover system. The automatic changeover system is an essential component in ensuring uninterrupted power supply in residential and small commercial settings. The system is designed to automatically switch power sources between the main utility supply and an alternative power source, such as a generator, in the event of a power outage. The project involves the integration of electronic components, such as relays, sensors, and control circuitry, to facilitate the automatic switching process. The system is designed to detect power failures from the main utility supply and trigger the switch to the alternative power source seamlessly and efficiently. Additionally, the system includes safety features to prevent power surges and ensure stable power supply during the transition. The construction of the automatic changeover system involves the assembly of components on a suitable enclosure, wiring connections, and testing for functionality and reliability. The system is designed to be compact, durable, and user-friendly, allowing for easy installation and operation by end-users. The automatic changeover system is expected to provide a reliable solution for managing power outages and ensuring continuous power supply in domestic and small commercial environments. The system offers convenience and peace of mind to users by eliminating the need for manual intervention during power failures and transitions between power sources. Overall, the design and construction of the 25amps single-phase automatic changeover system aim to address the need for a reliable and efficient power management solution in settings where uninterrupted power supply is crucial. The system's automatic switching capability, safety features, and user-friendly design make it a valuable addition to residential and small commercial properties, enhancing overall power supply reliability and convenience for end-users.

Thesis Overview

1.0 INTRODUCTION

As the quest for change over on public power supply and stand by generation increase. Engineering have researches deep into the different methods of achieving to both manual and automatic types.
It may not be taken seriously in some places where power supply is up to 90 constant or where intermittent outage causes no great damage. However, place where they have business centers, industrial centers and even cold rooms need to almost 100% supply. So in this case there is need to provide a standby power supply in the event of power outage. The most important task is just to provide a standby power supply by great attention is paid to the reliability of the system. That is immediately and change over without fluctuations.
The first type of change over switch were purely manual operated. They usually have three switch able position, main, off and generator. An arm is provided from where the operator can have access to the switching. Here, the effectiveness of the switching (i.e how fast it is effected each time power needs to be changed) largely depends on the operator. The change over system will be ineffective when the operator is not around.
The second generation of change over switches were made semi-automatic in which the mains power supply directly powers the contactors. This arrangement is wired is such a way that if the mains power supply fails, the contractors will all drop leaving the supply to the generator position. The effectiveness of the system will now depend on the operator top start up the generator on time.
The main problem suffered by the above mentioned two versions of the change over switch is that the operator must have to be continuously on duty for it to be very effective. They lent use full closed loop system to operate.