<p> <b>T</b><b>ABLE OF CONTENTS </b></p><p>ACKNOWLEDGMENTS ....................................................................................... ii </p><p>LIST OF TABLES....................................................................................................v </p><p>LIST OF FIGURES ................................................................................................ vi</p><p> ABSTRACT......................................................................................................... viii </p><p>
Chapter 1
ABOUT THIS THESIS ...................................................................1 </p><p>1.1 Introduction.................................................................................................... 1 </p><p>1.2 Research Objectives and Analysis Approach ................................................ 3 </p><p>1.3 Reader’s Guide................................................................................................ 6</p><p><b>
Chapter TWO
</b> </p><p>ELEVATED FORMWORK FAILURE DURING CONSTRUCTION..........................7</p><p>2.1 Definition of Elevated Formwork............................................................... 7 </p><p>2.2 Criteria of Formwork ....................................................................................... 8 </p><p>2.2.1 Design Regulations...................................................................................... 8 </p><p>2.2.2 Construction and Safety Regulations......................................................... 10 </p><p>2.2.3 Sequences of Concrete Placement ............................................................ 11 </p><p>2.3 Case Study: Formwork Failures during Concrete Construction..................... 13 </p><p>2.3.1 Formwork Failures in South Korea............................................................ 13 </p><p>2.3.2 Main Causes of Formwork Failures............................................................ 14</p><p><b>
Chapter THREE
...............................................................................................17</b> </p><p>3 INVESTIGATION ON ELEVATED FORMWORK DURING CONSTRUCTION...17</p><p> 3.1 Analysis of Low-clearance Elevated Formwork............................................ 17 </p><p>3.1.1 Overview of Field Survey .......................................................................... 17 </p><p>3.1.2 Field Investigation....................................................................................... 20 </p><p>3.1.2.1 Present status for construction ...............................................................20 </p><p>3.1.2.2 Sequence of placing fresh concrete........................................................22 </p><p>3.1.3 Summary .................................................................................................... 23 </p><p>3.2 Analysis of High-clearance Elevated Formwork............................................ 24 </p><p>3.2.1 Overview of an Interview.............................................................................. 24</p><p> 3.2.2 Questionnaire Survey................................................................................. 25 </p><p>3.2.2.1 Present status for construction ................................................................25 </p><p>3.2.2.2 Sequence of placing fresh concrete.........................................................29 </p><p>3.2.3 Overview of Field Survey ........................................................................... 31 </p><p>3.2.4 Field Investigation....................................................................................... 33 </p><p>3.2.4.1 Present status for construction ................................................................33 </p><p>3.2.4.2 Sequence of placing fresh concrete.........................................................37 </p><p>3.2.5 Summary .................................................................................................... 38 </p><p><b>
Chapter FOUR
..................................................................................................39</b><br></p><p>4.0 IMPORTANCE OF THE SEQUENCE OF CONCRETE PLACEMENT..........39 </p><p>4.1 Problem Analysis......................................................................................... 39 </p><p>4.2 Simplified Structural Analysis......................................................................... 41 </p><p>4.3 Proposed Improvements for Construction .................................................... 45 </p><p>4.4 Summary........................................................................................................ 45 </p><p><b>
Chapter FIVE
.....................................................................................................48</b><br></p><p>5.0 CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS ..........................................48 </p><p>5.1 Conclusions................................................................................................... 48</p><p> 5.2 Recommendations........................................................................................ 49 </p><p>APPENDIX
A MEASURED DATA FOR THE SPACING OF SHORES ..............................................................................................................................50 </p><p>B MEASURED DATA FOR THE INCLINATION OF SHORES..............................72 </p><p>LIST OF REFERENCES......................................................................................74 </p><p>BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCH ..................................................................................76 </p>