Thesis Abstract

Abstract
This research project focuses on the assessment of risk management and credit administration in financial institutions. The study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of risk management practices and credit administration procedures in ensuring the stability and profitability of financial institutions. The research will employ a mixed-methods approach, combining quantitative analysis of financial data with qualitative assessments of risk management frameworks and credit administration processes. The research will investigate the various types of risks faced by financial institutions, including credit risk, market risk, liquidity risk, and operational risk. It will analyze the strategies and tools used by financial institutions to identify, measure, monitor, and mitigate these risks. The study will also examine the role of regulatory requirements and best practices in shaping risk management and credit administration practices in financial institutions. In addition, the research will assess the impact of effective risk management and credit administration on the financial performance and stability of financial institutions. By analyzing financial indicators such as capital adequacy ratios, non-performing loan ratios, and profitability metrics, the study will seek to understand the relationship between risk management practices, credit administration procedures, and financial outcomes. The research will also investigate the challenges and limitations faced by financial institutions in implementing robust risk management and credit administration practices. By conducting interviews and surveys with risk managers, credit officers, and other relevant stakeholders, the study will identify common obstacles and areas for improvement in risk management and credit administration processes. Overall, this research project aims to provide valuable insights into the current state of risk management and credit administration in financial institutions. By evaluating the strengths and weaknesses of existing practices, the study seeks to offer recommendations for enhancing the effectiveness of risk management frameworks and credit administration procedures. Ultimately, the research aims to contribute to the ongoing dialogue on best practices in risk management and credit administration, with the goal of promoting the stability and sustainability of financial institutions in a dynamic and challenging economic environment.

Thesis Overview

Introduction

The literature covers extract from source documents in line with the objectives of the study. The literature shall be segmented into the following sub themes. The concept of risk management in commercial banks, concept of credit administration, techniques of risk management in commercial bank, credit management in commercial banks, as well as the constraint of risk management and credit administration.

2.2 Concept of Risk Management in Commercial Banks

Risk Management is the identification, assessment and prioritization of risk or the effect of uncertainty on objectives of an organization, by coordinated economical application of resources to minimize, monitor, and control the probability and the impact of unfortunate events or to maximize the realization of opportunities.

Risk can come from uncertainty in financial market, project failures at any phase in development, production or sustainment life-cycles, legal liabilities, credit risk, accidents, natural causes and disasters as well as deliberate attack from an adversary or event of uncertain root-cause (Egbe, 2007).
Risk management in commercial bank basically focus on credit risk. Credit risk management is the process used to systematically manage the exposure of financial institutions to loan delinquency and default. The process consists of the following four stages: the identification of potential losses from delinquencies and defaults, evaluation of the potential frequency and severity of losses form credit risks; development and selection of methods for managing the risks so as to minimize losses and maximize business value, and implementation and ongoing monitoring review of the selected methods (Okoh, 2009).

Thus maximization of business value by preventing or minimizing losses from delinquency and default and promoting prompt loan repayment by borrowers is the principal objective of credit risk management in commercial bank. Bank business value depends on the expected magnitude, timing and variability associated with future net cash flows that will be available to provide shareholders with a return on their investment. Delinquency and default results in losses that reduce business value. Credit risk management seek to mitigate this reduction in business value by designing a system that prevents, reduces or deal with delinquencies and defaults when they occur. Credit risk management is therefore both an ex-ante and ex-post activity (Lawal, 2007).

The purpose of risk management in commercial bank is to reduce losses arising from default in payment of loan. As such in order to survive, these institutions must balance risks as well as returns. For a bank to have a large consumer base, it must offer loan products that are reasonable enough. However, if the interest rate in loan products are too low, the bank will suffer from losses. In terms of equity, a bank must have substantial amount of capital on its reserve, but not too much that it misses the investment revenue, and not too little that it lead itself to financial instability. The complexity and derivatives is a factor that gave rise to risk management in financial institution and commercial bank in particular (Kent, 2009).

2.3 Credit Administration in Commercial Bank

Credit Administration is the management of loan portfolio. This involves evaluation of loan proposal as well as appraising the capacity of borrowers and the disbursement and monitoring of loan (Egbe, 2011).

Credit administration in commercial bank help to reduce risks of delinquency and default. An efficient loan appraisal system is very important in this respect, loan appraisal is the process of determining in advance the various lending parameters and determining investment opportunities available to farmers that remain unexploited for want of credit, loan appraisal also involves determination of overall loan limit for each borrower based on his debt capacity; loan duration and phasing of the disbursement to coincide with various implementation stages of the business project.