Thesis Abstract

Abstract
Internal control systems play a crucial role in the operations of public organizations, ensuring accountability, transparency, and efficiency in their activities. This research delves into the significance of internal control systems as a necessity for the survival and growth of public organizations. By establishing robust internal control mechanisms, these entities can safeguard their assets, prevent fraud and errors, and enhance overall performance. The study explores various components of an effective internal control system, including control environment, risk assessment, control activities, information and communication, and monitoring. It highlights the importance of a strong control environment that promotes ethical values, integrity, and a commitment to compliance with laws and regulations. Risk assessment is vital in identifying potential threats and vulnerabilities, allowing organizations to devise strategies to mitigate risks effectively. Control activities involve the implementation of policies, procedures, and practices to ensure that objectives are achieved and resources are protected. These activities include segregation of duties, authorization processes, physical controls, and IT security measures. Effective communication of roles, responsibilities, and information is essential for ensuring that employees understand their duties and are equipped to fulfill them competently. Continuous monitoring of internal controls is crucial for assessing their effectiveness and making necessary adjustments to address evolving risks and challenges. Through regular evaluations and audits, organizations can identify weaknesses in their control systems and take corrective actions promptly. This proactive approach helps in strengthening internal controls and enhancing organizational resilience. Public organizations face unique challenges due to the complex nature of their operations, diverse stakeholder interests, and regulatory requirements. Implementing a robust internal control system tailored to their specific needs is essential for ensuring compliance, preventing financial losses, and maintaining public trust. By fostering a culture of accountability and transparency, these entities can achieve their objectives efficiently and sustainably. In conclusion, internal control systems are indispensable for the survival and growth of public organizations. By investing in sound internal controls, these entities can mitigate risks, improve operational efficiency, and demonstrate responsible stewardship of public resources. Embracing a holistic approach to internal control, encompassing all aspects of governance and management, is key to achieving long-term sustainability and fulfilling their public mandate.

Thesis Overview

1.0 INTRODUCTION1.1 BACKGROUND OF STUDYAccording to Oxford Learners Dictionary, Organization can be said to be a group of people who form a business, club etc. together in order to achieve a particular aim. It can also mean two or more people getting together for a purpose. In getting together, they decide to interact with one another to achieve the objectives of the organization (Unamka & Ewurum, 1995:1)When we discuss organization, we have variclasses among which are service organization and social organization etc. All these organizations have in mind the aim of continuing if not for eternity, a given period of time. (Unamka & Ewurum, 1995 1, 2, 3)For an organization to carry on its business there must be some factors put in place for the smooth running of the organization management, man-power, materials, money and machines. These need to be well coordinated in order for the success of the organization to be achieved. They are used by a group of persons known as management; neither can management exist without organization- the two are inseparable twin. (Unamka &Ewurum, 1995:65).Get Full Work